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Assessment of Chemical and Microbial Contaminations of Water in Mangrove Region of East Godavari District of India
Corresponding Author(s) : B. Vijaya Kumari
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 31 No. 2 (2019): Vol. 31 No. 2
Abstract
The mangroves region in East Godavari region of India has its significance and existing as an ecosystem. Anthropogenic activities in the surrounding areas influence the quality of surface as well as ground waters in this region as such there will be a threat to the environment. The present study is focused in characterizing the surface and ground waters to assess the influence of surface waters on ground water quality. Surface and ground water samples were collected from Chollangi mangrove region and characterized for physico-chemical parameters viz., pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total alkalinity (TA), total hardness (TH), calcium and magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulphate, nitrate and phosphate. The metal ion concentrations were also analyzed by ICP-MS technique. The irrigation parameters like percent sodium (% Na), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Kelly's ratio (KR) and magnesium hazard (MH) were determined. The results revealed that the higher value of all the parameters are due to the hectic interactions of surface waters with ground waters, which are a significant cause for contamination of ground waters in the study area. Lower concentrations of metal ions indicate the absence of metal toxicity in waters. However, higher level of magnesium hazard can deplete the soil quality. The presence of bacteria like Pseudomonas spp, E. coli and Bacillus spps can also cause severe health hazards.
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- U.S. Geological Survey, water Q&A: Water Use (2003); http://water.usgs.gov/droplet/qausage.html.
- V.T. Patil and P.R. Patil, J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 5, 274 (2010).
- D.S. White, J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc., 12, 61 (1993); https://doi.org/10.2307/1467686.
- Drinking Water Specification; IS:10500-1992 (Reaffirmed 1993).
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- World Health Organization, Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, WHO Press: Switzerland, edn 3, vol. 1 (2006).
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- IS: 11624-1986, Indian Standard Guidelines for the Quality of Irrigation Water, Bureau of Indian Standards, Manak Bhavan, New Delhi, India (1986).
References
U.S. Geological Survey, water Q&A: Water Use (2003); http://water.usgs.gov/droplet/qausage.html.
V.T. Patil and P.R. Patil, J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 5, 274 (2010).
D.S. White, J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc., 12, 61 (1993); https://doi.org/10.2307/1467686.
Drinking Water Specification; IS:10500-1992 (Reaffirmed 1993).
A.K. Gain, C. Giupponi and F.G. Renaud, Water, 4, 345 (2012); https://doi.org/10.3390/w4020345.
World Health Organization, Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, WHO Press: Switzerland, edn 3, vol. 1 (2006).
W. Stumm, J. ASCE Sanitary Eng. Division, 86, 27 (1960).
R.K. Rude, J. Bone Miner. Res., 13, 749 (1998); https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.1998.13.4.749.
IS: 11624-1986, Indian Standard Guidelines for the Quality of Irrigation Water, Bureau of Indian Standards, Manak Bhavan, New Delhi, India (1986).