Copyright (c) 2025 Marham Sitorus, Putri Faradilla, Retno Dwi Suyanti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Bioactive Potential of Toba Frankincense (Styrax paralleoncomud PERK) Fruit and Seeds Extracts: Phytochemical Profiling, Toxicity and Antioxidant Activity
Corresponding Author(s) : M. Sitorus
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 37 No. 7 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 7, 2025
Abstract
In this work, the phytochemical screening, toxicity test with BLST and antioxidant against free radicals DPPH of Toba frankincense fruit and seed extracts (STYRAX parallel to PERX) have been carried out. Secondary metabolites of the fruit are dominated by alkaloids, saponins, steroids and tannins, while in seeds, the alkaloids and terpenoids are dominated. Toxicity based on the LC50 value of fruit flesh extract n-hexane 117.91 ppm (toxic), ethyl acetate 43.15 ppm (toxic) and ethanol 16.95 ppm (highly toxic). For seeds extract n-hexane 42.22 ppm (toxic), ethyl acetate 20.12 (highly toxic) and ethanol 18.46 ppm (highly toxic). The antioxidant activity of the most toxic namely ethanol extract obtained LC50 values for fruit flesh was 150.35 ppm (moderate) and seeds was 434.04 ppm (weak). In general, the toxicity of fruit is higher than seeds and based on toxicity and antioxidants activity, fruit extracts have the potential as drugs, by further studying the antibacterial bioactivity properties.
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References
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M. Sitorus, R. Silaban, N. Susanti and R.N. Manurung, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 2193, 012076 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2193/1/012076
M. Aprianti, J. Konstruksia, 9, 1 (2017); https://doi.org/10.24853/jk.9.1.15-26
F. Harahap, J. Purba, A. Sutiani, M. Damanik, M. Zubir and S.I. Al Idrus, Transformation of Cinnamic Acid in Frankincense (STYRAX paraleo-ncomud PERK) into Ethyl Cinnamate, Proceeding of The 10th AISTSSE Faculty of Matematics an Natural Science State Univesity of Meadan, Indonesia, p. 228 (2024); https://doi.org/10.2478/9788367405782-028
Z.A. Reshi, W. Ahmad, A.S. Lukatkin and S.B. Javed, Metabolites, 13, 895 (2023); https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13080895
X. Dong, Z. Cai, Y. Wang, Q. Zhou, L. Wang and Y. Fu, Microchem. J., 208, 112418 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2024.112418
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S. Dubale, D. Kebebe, A. Zeynudin, N. Abdissa and S. Suleman, J. Exp. Pharmacol., 15, 51 (2023); https://doi.org/10.2147/JEP.S379805
S. Ratnani, S. Gurjar and A. Kathuria, Resonance, 24, 685 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12045-019-0826-0
A. Ullah, S. Munir, S.L. Badshah, N. Khan, L. Ghani, B.G. Poulson, A.-H. Emwas and M. Jaremko, Molecules, 25, 5243 (2020); https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25225243
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K.S. Pillai, J. Environ. Biol., 44, 1 (2023); https://doi.org/10.22438/jeb/44/5/Editorial
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