Copyright (c) 2019 AJC
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Alteration in Serum & Saliva α-Amylase Activity & Levels of Some Hormones Associated with Exposure to Chemicals: A Case Study on Iraqi Undergraduate Chemistry Students
Corresponding Author(s) : Hathama Razooki Hasan
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 31 No. 2 (2019): Vol. 31 No. 2
Abstract
Numerous studies have pointed a link between exposure to environmental chemicals and disturbance of hormones. The present study consisted of 22 chemistry undergraduate final year students (11 males and 11 females) of Baghdad University, Iraq. Samples (serum and saliva) were collected in the middle of September, 2017 (before exposure group) and after 3 months of their practical study at chemistry teaching laboratory (after exposure group). All studied hormones (TSH, testosterone and cortisol) were found to increase in both male and female subgroups. The increase was statistically significant for serum TSH and testosterone (p < 0.05) and insignificant for cortisol. Insignificant variations were reported for salivary hormones (testosterone and cortisol). Serum and salivary α-amylase activity was found to be insignificantly decreased and increased respectively, in the exposure groups.
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References
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D. Spiegel and J. Giese-Davis, Biol. Psychiatry, 54, 269 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00566-3.
S.J. Ives, M. Blegen, M.A. Coughlin, J. Redmond, T. Matthews and V. Paolone, Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 111, 1649 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1789-8.
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A.C. Silver, J. Landon, D.S. Smith and L.A. Perry, Clin. Chem., 29, 1869 (1983).
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A.R. Lane and A.C. Hackney, Hormones, 14, 258 (2015).
K.K. Brownlee, A.W. Moore and A.C. Hackney, J. Sports Sci. Med., 4, 76 (2005).
A.L. Glenn, A. Raine, R.A. Schug, Y. Gao and D.A. Granger, J. Abnorm. Psychol., 120, 389 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021407.
D. Terburg, B. Morgan and J. van Honk, Int. J. Law Psychiatry, 32, 216 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2009.04.008.
G.D. Smith, Y. Ben-Shlomo, A. Beswick, J. Yarnell, S. Lightman and P. Elwood, Circulation, 112, 332 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.489088.
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C.M. Ghiciuc, L.C. Dima-Cozma, R.M. Bercea, C.E. Lupusoru, T. Mihaescu, S. Cozma and F.R. Patacchioli, Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol., 82, 529 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2015.09.004.
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F. Brucker-Davis, Thyroid: Off. J. Am. Thyroid Assoc., 8, 807 (1998); https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.1998.8.827.
E.N. Pearce and L.E. Braverman, Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 23, 801 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2009.06.003.
T.R. Zoeller, A.L. Dowling, C.T. Herzig, E.A. Iannacone, K.J. Gauger and R. Bansal, Environ. Health Perspect., 110(Suppl 3), 355 (2002); https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.02110s3355.
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J.J. Zakowski and D.E. Bruns, Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci., 21, 283 (1985); https://doi.org/10.3109/10408368509165786.
B. Chaudhuri, J. Rojek, M.M. Vickerman, J.M. Tanzer and F.A. Scannapieco, BMC Microbiol., 7, 60 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-7-60.
M.R. Gregory, W.W. Gregory, D.E. Bruns and J.J. Zakowski, J. Clin. Microbiol., 18, 1366 (1983).
R.C. Brown, D.M. Chalmers, V.L. Rowe, J. Kelleher, J.M. Littlewood and M.S. Losowsky, J. Clin. Pathol., 35, 547 (1982); https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.35.5.547.
M.Y. Moridani and I.L. Bromberg, Clin. Biochem., 36, 31 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-9120(02)00419-8.
J.J. Zakowski, M.R. Gregory and D.E. Bruns, Clin. Chem., 30, 62 (1984).
U.M. Nater and N. Rohleder, Psychoneuroendocrinology, 34, 486 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.01.014.
N. Rohleder, U.M. Nater, J.M. Wolf, U. Ehlert and C. Kirschbaum, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 1032, 258 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1314.033.
A. van Stegeren, N. Rohleder, W. Everaerd and O.T. Wolf, Psychoneuroendocrinology, 31, 137 (2006); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.05.012.
K. Sexton, L.L. Needham and J.L. Pirkle, Am. Sci., 92, 38 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1511/2004.45.921.
M.R. Cullen, Environ. Res., 50, 1 (1989); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-9351(89)80045-3.
I.F. Goldstein, Environ. Res., 25, 236 (1981); https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-9351(81)90092-X.