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Application of Hessian Matrix to Optimize Coagulation Treatment of Tannery Industry Wastewater Using Salt Solution Extracted Moringa oleifera Seeds Protein Coagulant
Corresponding Author(s) : M. Magesh Kumar
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 28 No. 7 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 7
Abstract
The coagulation process using NaCl and KCl salt solution extracted protein from Moringa oleifera seeds is reported for tannery wastewater treatment in the present study. The important process parameters coagulant dosage and pH were optimized using Hessian matrix approach. Central composite design employing coagulant dose and pH as input variables was considered for developing response surface models for colour (%) and turbidity (%) removal. The dosage 45 mL and pH 7 was found to be optimum conditions for maximum 84 % colour removal by NaCl extracted coagulant, whereas for KCl extracted coagulant optimal point was 46.1 mL dosage and pH 6.9. For turbidity (%) removal using NaCl extracted coagulant the optimum condition was 40.2 mL dosage and pH 7.5. The removal efficiency of NaCl extracted coagulant was more than KCl extracted coagulant suggesting that NaCl salt solution is more effective in extracting the active agent from Moringa oleifera seeds.
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- Y. Anjaneyulu, N.S. Chary and D.S. Suman Raj, Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol., 4, 245 (2005); doi:10.1007/s11157-005-1246-z.
- Z. Song, C.J. Williams and R.G.J. Edyvean, IchemE Research Event, New Castle, UK (1998).
- S.G. Schrank, H.J. Jose, R.F. Moreira and H.F. Schroder, Chemosphere, 56, 411 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.04.012.
- R.J. Rao, P. Thanikaivelan and B. Nair, Clean Technol. Environ. Policy, 4, 115 (2002); doi:10.1007/s10098-002-0152-0.
- I. Arvanitoyannis, I. Eleftheriadis and E. Tsatsaroni, Chemosphere, 18, 1707 (1989); doi:10.1016/0045-6535(89)90454-2.
- Z. Song, C.J. Williams and R.G.J. Edyvean, Desalination, 164, 249 (2004); doi:10.1016/S0011-9164(04)00193-6.
- P.K. Chaudhari, I.M. Mishra and S. Chand, Colloids Surf. A, 296, 238 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.10.005.
- R.G. Miller, F.C. Kopfler, K.C. Kelty, J.A. Stober and N.S. Ulmer, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 76, 84 (1984).
- S.A. Muyibi, H. Hamza, I. Ibrahim and M.J.M. Mohd Noor, J. Instit. Eng. Malaysia, 62, 15 (2001).
- F.B. Dilek and S. Bese, Water SA, 27, 361 (2001); doi:10.4314/wsa.v27i3.4980.
- A. Ndabigengesere and K.S. Narasiah, Water Res., 32, 781 (1998); doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00295-9.
- A.N. Ma, Palm Oil Develop., 30, 1 (2001).
- S.A.A. Jahn, Deutsche Gesellchaft filr Technische Zusammenerabeit (GTZ) Manual, Eschborn, 117 (1981).
- C.R. Shultz and D.A. Okun, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 75, 212 (1983).
- C.-Y. Yin, Process Biochem., 45, 1437 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2010.05.030.
- A. Ndabigengesere, K.S. Narasiah and B.G. Talbot, Water Res., 29, 703 (1995); doi:10.1016/0043-1354(94)00161-Y.
- N. Poumaye, J. Mabingui, P. Lutgen and M. Bigan, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 90, 2346 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.cherd.2012.05.017.
- S.A.A. Jahn, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 80, 43 (1988).
- K.A. Ghebremichael, K.R. Gunaratna, H. Henriksson, H. Brumer and G. Dalhammar, Water Res., 39, 2338 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.watres.2005.04.012.
- T. Okuda, A.U. Baes, W. Nishijima and M. Okada, Water Res., 35, 405 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00290-6.
- R.F. Packham, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 20, 81 (1965); doi:10.1016/0095-8522(65)90094-2.
- T.K. Trinh and L.S. Kang, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 89, 1126 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.cherd.2010.12.004.
- S. Kawamura, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 83, 88 (1991).
- D.C. Montgomery, Design and Analysis of Experiments, John Wiley & Sons, New York, edn 5 (2001).
- R.H. Myers and D.C. Montgomery, Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments, John Wiley & Sons, New York, edn 2 (2002).
- F.T. Edgar, M.D. Himmelblau and S.L. Lasdon, Optimization of Chemical Processes, McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., edn 2 (2001).
- Q. Beg, V. Sahai and V. Gupta, Process Biochem., 39, 203 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0032-9592(03)00064-5.
References
Y. Anjaneyulu, N.S. Chary and D.S. Suman Raj, Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol., 4, 245 (2005); doi:10.1007/s11157-005-1246-z.
Z. Song, C.J. Williams and R.G.J. Edyvean, IchemE Research Event, New Castle, UK (1998).
S.G. Schrank, H.J. Jose, R.F. Moreira and H.F. Schroder, Chemosphere, 56, 411 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.04.012.
R.J. Rao, P. Thanikaivelan and B. Nair, Clean Technol. Environ. Policy, 4, 115 (2002); doi:10.1007/s10098-002-0152-0.
I. Arvanitoyannis, I. Eleftheriadis and E. Tsatsaroni, Chemosphere, 18, 1707 (1989); doi:10.1016/0045-6535(89)90454-2.
Z. Song, C.J. Williams and R.G.J. Edyvean, Desalination, 164, 249 (2004); doi:10.1016/S0011-9164(04)00193-6.
P.K. Chaudhari, I.M. Mishra and S. Chand, Colloids Surf. A, 296, 238 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.10.005.
R.G. Miller, F.C. Kopfler, K.C. Kelty, J.A. Stober and N.S. Ulmer, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 76, 84 (1984).
S.A. Muyibi, H. Hamza, I. Ibrahim and M.J.M. Mohd Noor, J. Instit. Eng. Malaysia, 62, 15 (2001).
F.B. Dilek and S. Bese, Water SA, 27, 361 (2001); doi:10.4314/wsa.v27i3.4980.
A. Ndabigengesere and K.S. Narasiah, Water Res., 32, 781 (1998); doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00295-9.
A.N. Ma, Palm Oil Develop., 30, 1 (2001).
S.A.A. Jahn, Deutsche Gesellchaft filr Technische Zusammenerabeit (GTZ) Manual, Eschborn, 117 (1981).
C.R. Shultz and D.A. Okun, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 75, 212 (1983).
C.-Y. Yin, Process Biochem., 45, 1437 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2010.05.030.
A. Ndabigengesere, K.S. Narasiah and B.G. Talbot, Water Res., 29, 703 (1995); doi:10.1016/0043-1354(94)00161-Y.
N. Poumaye, J. Mabingui, P. Lutgen and M. Bigan, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 90, 2346 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.cherd.2012.05.017.
S.A.A. Jahn, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 80, 43 (1988).
K.A. Ghebremichael, K.R. Gunaratna, H. Henriksson, H. Brumer and G. Dalhammar, Water Res., 39, 2338 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.watres.2005.04.012.
T. Okuda, A.U. Baes, W. Nishijima and M. Okada, Water Res., 35, 405 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00290-6.
R.F. Packham, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 20, 81 (1965); doi:10.1016/0095-8522(65)90094-2.
T.K. Trinh and L.S. Kang, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 89, 1126 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.cherd.2010.12.004.
S. Kawamura, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 83, 88 (1991).
D.C. Montgomery, Design and Analysis of Experiments, John Wiley & Sons, New York, edn 5 (2001).
R.H. Myers and D.C. Montgomery, Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments, John Wiley & Sons, New York, edn 2 (2002).
F.T. Edgar, M.D. Himmelblau and S.L. Lasdon, Optimization of Chemical Processes, McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., edn 2 (2001).
Q. Beg, V. Sahai and V. Gupta, Process Biochem., 39, 203 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0032-9592(03)00064-5.