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Photodegradation of Indigo Dye Using TiO2 and TiO2/Zeolite System
Corresponding Author(s) : Collin G. Joseph
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 25 No. 15 (2013): Vol 25 Issue 15
Abstract
Photodegradation of indigo dye in aqueous solution using anatase TiO2 and TiO2/zeolite composite photocatalyst were studied. The composite photocatalysts were prepared by using sol-gel method. Calcination sol-gel was performed in a muffle furnace at 450 ºC for 4 h. The photocatalysts were characterized using SEM and XRD. 0.4 g of photocatalysts were used to degrade 500 mL of indigo dye giving a constant catalyst loading of 0.8 g/L in varying indigo dye concentration of between 10-20 mg/L. The results showed that the photocatalytic behaviour of TiO2/zeolite composite sample was better as the degree of degradation for TiO2/zeolite was higher compared to the neat TiO2 sample. The percentage degradation achieved by using TiO2/zeolite in 10 and 20 mg/L were 58.6 and 75.0 % respectively. In addition, the degradation process followed the first-order reaction kinetics where the rate constant, k, for the degradation of indigo dye solution was in the range of 0.1207-0.2669 h-1 (not presented). This work demonstrates that the sol-gel method was successful in preparing an effective TiO2/zeolite composite photocatalyst.
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- C.C. Wang, C.K. Lee, M.D. Lyu and L.C. Juang, Dyes Pigments, 76, 817 (2008).
- Z. Zainal, L.K. Hui, M.Z. Hussein, Y.H.T. Yap, A.H. Abdullah and I. Ramli, J. Hazard. Mater., B125, 113 (2005).
- N. Barka, A. Assabbane, A. Nounah and Y.A. Ichou, J. Hazard. Mater., 152, 1054 (2008).
- Saepurahman, M.A. Abdullah and F.K. Chong, Chem. Eng. J., 158, 418 (2010).
- D.I. Petkowicz, S.B.C. Pergher, C.D.S. Silva, Z.N. Rocha and J.H.Z. Santos, Chem. Eng. J., 158, 505 (2010).
- M.V. Shankar, S. Anandan, N. Venkatachalam, B. Arabindoo and Murugesan, Chemosphere, 63, 1014 (2006).
- Y.-M. Shen, D. Zhi, W. Wang and F.-F. Tao, Asian J. Chem., 23, 4871 (2011).
- G. Li Puma, D. Krishnaiah,A. Bono and C.G. Joseph, J. Hazard. Mater., 157, 209 (2008).
- M. Nikazar, K. Gholivand and K. Mahanpoor, Kinetics Catal., 48, 214 (2007).
- Q. Dai, N.Y. He, K.P. Weng, B.P. Lin, Z.H. Lu and C.W. Yuan, J. Inclus. Phenom. Macrocycl. Chem., 35, 11 (1999).
- M.L. Huang, C.F. Xu, Z.B. Wu, Y.F. Huang, J.L. Lin and J.H. Wu, Dyes Pigments, 77, 327 (2008).
- M. Mahalakshmi, S.V. Priya, B. Arabindoo, M. Palanichamy and V. Murugesan, J. Hazard. Mater., 161, 336 (2009).
- S.N.A. Zaine, A.A.K. Mastan, S.S. Ahmedullah, N.M. Molamed, Z.A. Ahmad and A. Ramli, J. Appl. Sci., 11, 1326 (2011).
- G. Li, X.S. Zhao and M.B. Ray, Sep. Purif. Technol., 55, 91 (2007).
- D. Baybas and U. Ulusoy, J. Harzard. Mater., 187, 241 (2011).
- A.S. Attar, M.S. Ghamsari, Hajiesmaeilbaigi, S. Mirdamadi, K. Katagiri and K. Koumoto, J. Mater. Sci., 43, 5924 (2008).
- S. Boujday, F. Wunssh, P. Portes, J.F. Bocquet and C.C. Justin, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cell, 83, 421 (2004).
- M.A. Rauf and S.S. Ashraf, Chem. Eng. J., 151, 10 (2009).
- S. Sankararaman, K.B. Yoon, T. Yabe and J.K. Kochi, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 113, 1419 (1991).
References
C.C. Wang, C.K. Lee, M.D. Lyu and L.C. Juang, Dyes Pigments, 76, 817 (2008).
Z. Zainal, L.K. Hui, M.Z. Hussein, Y.H.T. Yap, A.H. Abdullah and I. Ramli, J. Hazard. Mater., B125, 113 (2005).
N. Barka, A. Assabbane, A. Nounah and Y.A. Ichou, J. Hazard. Mater., 152, 1054 (2008).
Saepurahman, M.A. Abdullah and F.K. Chong, Chem. Eng. J., 158, 418 (2010).
D.I. Petkowicz, S.B.C. Pergher, C.D.S. Silva, Z.N. Rocha and J.H.Z. Santos, Chem. Eng. J., 158, 505 (2010).
M.V. Shankar, S. Anandan, N. Venkatachalam, B. Arabindoo and Murugesan, Chemosphere, 63, 1014 (2006).
Y.-M. Shen, D. Zhi, W. Wang and F.-F. Tao, Asian J. Chem., 23, 4871 (2011).
G. Li Puma, D. Krishnaiah,A. Bono and C.G. Joseph, J. Hazard. Mater., 157, 209 (2008).
M. Nikazar, K. Gholivand and K. Mahanpoor, Kinetics Catal., 48, 214 (2007).
Q. Dai, N.Y. He, K.P. Weng, B.P. Lin, Z.H. Lu and C.W. Yuan, J. Inclus. Phenom. Macrocycl. Chem., 35, 11 (1999).
M.L. Huang, C.F. Xu, Z.B. Wu, Y.F. Huang, J.L. Lin and J.H. Wu, Dyes Pigments, 77, 327 (2008).
M. Mahalakshmi, S.V. Priya, B. Arabindoo, M. Palanichamy and V. Murugesan, J. Hazard. Mater., 161, 336 (2009).
S.N.A. Zaine, A.A.K. Mastan, S.S. Ahmedullah, N.M. Molamed, Z.A. Ahmad and A. Ramli, J. Appl. Sci., 11, 1326 (2011).
G. Li, X.S. Zhao and M.B. Ray, Sep. Purif. Technol., 55, 91 (2007).
D. Baybas and U. Ulusoy, J. Harzard. Mater., 187, 241 (2011).
A.S. Attar, M.S. Ghamsari, Hajiesmaeilbaigi, S. Mirdamadi, K. Katagiri and K. Koumoto, J. Mater. Sci., 43, 5924 (2008).
S. Boujday, F. Wunssh, P. Portes, J.F. Bocquet and C.C. Justin, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cell, 83, 421 (2004).
M.A. Rauf and S.S. Ashraf, Chem. Eng. J., 151, 10 (2009).
S. Sankararaman, K.B. Yoon, T. Yabe and J.K. Kochi, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 113, 1419 (1991).