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Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) Complexes Using Mannich Base Ligand
Corresponding Author(s) : S. Ravich
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 28 No. 6 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 6
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of Mannich base, N-(1-pyrrolidino- benzyl)nicotinamide (PBN) and its complexes with Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) ions. The structural features of the complexes have been confirmed by microanalytical analysis, IR, UV-visible, NMR, EPR, Mass, magnetic susceptibility and CV technique. The electronic absorption spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurement values of the complexes indicate octahedral geometry for copper, square-planar geometry for nickel and tetrahedral geometry for cobalt and zinc complexes. The non-electrolytic nature of the complexes is characterized from their low molar conductance values. The cyclic voltammogram of copper complex in acetonitrile solution shows a quasi-reversible one-electron transfer. The EPR spectra of the copper complex in DMSO at 300 K and 77 K were recorded and its salient features are reported. The antimicrobial activity of the complexes has been extensively studied on microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by well-diffusion technique using DMF as solvent. The values of zone of inhibition were found out at 37 °C for a period of 24 h. It has been found that all the complexes have higher activity than the Mannich base ligand and the standard.
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- A.D. Ahmed and S.N. Bose, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 31, 2883 (1969); doi:10.1016/0022-1902(69)80205-8.
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- G.D. Tiwari and M.N. Mishra, Curr. Sci., 49, 8 (1980).
- N. Raman and S. Ravichandran, Int. J. Chem. Sci., 2, 191 (2004).
- N. Raman and S. Ravichandran, Asian J. Chem., 14, 1551 (2002).
- M. Petchiammal, S. Ravichandran and L. Singh, Int. J. Chem. Tech. Res., 6, 3680 (2014).
- N. Raman and S. Ravichandran, Synth. React. Inorg. Met.Org. Nano- Metal Chem., 35, 439 (2005); doi:10.1081/SIM-200066974.
- W.J. Geary, Coord. Chem. Rev., 7, 81 (1971); doi:10.1016/S0010-8545(00)80009-0.
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- A.B.D. Lever, Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy, Elsevier, Amsterdam, (1968).
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- H.B. Gray and C.J. Ballhausen, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 85, 260 (1963); doi:10.1021/ja00886a002.
- R.M. Silverstein, G.C. Bassler and T.C. Morril, Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compounds, Wiley, New York, edn 4, p. 112 (1981).
- B.J. Hathaway and D.E. Billing, Coord. Chem. Rev., 5, 143 (1961); doi:10.1016/S0010-8545(00)80135-6.
- Z. Shirin and R.M. Mukherjee, Polyhedron, 11, 2625 (1992); doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)80232-6.
- A. Syamala and A.R. Chakravarty, Polyhedron, 12, 1545 (1993); doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)84597-0.
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References
A.D. Ahmed and S.N. Bose, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 31, 2883 (1969); doi:10.1016/0022-1902(69)80205-8.
A.N.M. Kasim, D. Venkappayya and G.V. Prabhu, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 76, 67 (1999).
P.S. Desai and K.R. Desai, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 70, 177 (1993).
A. Sabastiyan and D. Venkappayya, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 67, 584 (1990).
A. Rajasekaran and S. Murugesan, Asian J. Chem., 16, 791 (2004).
D.R. Williams, Chem. Rev., 72, 203 (1972); doi:10.1021/cr60277a001.
I. Sougandi, R. Mahalakshmi, R. Kannappan, T.M. Rajendiran, R. Venkatesan and P. Sambasiva Rao, Transition Met. Chem., 27, 512 (2002); doi:10.1023/A:1015639514842.
G.D. Tiwari and M.N. Mishra, Curr. Sci., 49, 8 (1980).
N. Raman and S. Ravichandran, Int. J. Chem. Sci., 2, 191 (2004).
N. Raman and S. Ravichandran, Asian J. Chem., 14, 1551 (2002).
M. Petchiammal, S. Ravichandran and L. Singh, Int. J. Chem. Tech. Res., 6, 3680 (2014).
N. Raman and S. Ravichandran, Synth. React. Inorg. Met.Org. Nano- Metal Chem., 35, 439 (2005); doi:10.1081/SIM-200066974.
W.J. Geary, Coord. Chem. Rev., 7, 81 (1971); doi:10.1016/S0010-8545(00)80009-0.
K. Nakamoto, Infrared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and Coordination Compounds, John Wiley, New York, edn 3 (1978).
M.N. Patel and R.P. Patel, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 52, 1046 (1975).
V. Kumar and R. Dhakarey, J. Indian Coun. Chem., 20, 46 (2003).
G.F. De Sá, E. Giesbrecht and L.C. Thompson, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 37, 109 (1975); doi:10.1016/0022-1902(75)80135-7.
K. Nakamoto, Spectroscopy and Structure of Metal Chelate Compounds, John Wiley, New York (1988).
K.K. Narang and A. Aggarwal, Inorg. Chim. Acta, 9, 137 (1974); doi:10.1016/S0020-1693(00)89895-3.
D.M. Adams, Metal-ligand and Related Vibrations, St. Martin’s Press, New York (1968).
J.R. Ferraro, Low Frequency Vibrations of Inorganic and Coordination Compounds, Plenum, New York (1971).
A.B.D. Lever, Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy, Elsevier, Amsterdam, (1968).
B.N. Figgis and R.S. Nyholm, J. Chem. Soc., 338 (1959); doi:10.1039/jr9590000338.
H.B. Gray and C.J. Ballhausen, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 85, 260 (1963); doi:10.1021/ja00886a002.
R.M. Silverstein, G.C. Bassler and T.C. Morril, Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compounds, Wiley, New York, edn 4, p. 112 (1981).
B.J. Hathaway and D.E. Billing, Coord. Chem. Rev., 5, 143 (1961); doi:10.1016/S0010-8545(00)80135-6.
Z. Shirin and R.M. Mukherjee, Polyhedron, 11, 2625 (1992); doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)80232-6.
A. Syamala and A.R. Chakravarty, Polyhedron, 12, 1545 (1993); doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)84597-0.
N. Raman, A. Kulandaisamy, C. Thangaraja, P. Manisankar, S. Viswanathan and C. Vedhi, Transition Met. Chem., 29, 129 (2004); doi:10.1023/B:TMCH.0000019409.50574.0a.
C.H. Collin and P.M. Lyne, Microbiological Methods, Butterworth, London, edn 3 (1970).