Bergia ammannioides: Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant Activity and Radical Scavenging Effects of its Various Fractions

Abstract

The methanolic extract of Bergia ammannioides (Henye ex Roth) was dissolved in distilled water and partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol sequentially. The antioxidant potential of all these fractions and remaining aqueous fraction was evaluated by four methods e.g., 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and ferric thiocyanate assay along with determination of their total phenolics. Polar fractions showed noteworthy antioxidant potential. The results revealed that ethyl acetate soluble fraction showed highest value of % inhibition of DPPH radical (81.16 ± 0.87 %) at a concentration of 120 μg/mL. The IC₅₀ of this fraction was 26.65 ± 1.8 μg/mL, relative to ascorbic acid, a reference standard, having IC₅₀ 58.8 ± 0.89 μg/mL. It also showed highest total antioxidant activity i.e., 1.142 ± 0.08, highest FRAP value (378.5 ± 0.4 TE μM/mL) as well as highest total phenolic contents i.e., 226.109 ± 0.3 GAE mg/g and highest value of per cent inhibition of lipid peroxidation (54.23 ± 0.57 %) as compared to the studied fractions.