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Determination of Lead(II) in Milk by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry after Solid Phase Extraction
Corresponding Author(s) : Ali Moghimi
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 25 No. 11 (2013): Vol 25 Issue 11
Abstract
A simple and selective solid phase extraction method for determination of lead in milk and arouses solutions has been reported. The method is based on the adsorption of lead on octadecyl bonded silica cartridges (C18) modified by sodium dodecyl sulfate and 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol. The influence of acidity, eluting agents, stability of the column, sample volume and interfering ions has been investigated. The adsorbed complex could be eluted using environmentally benign 5 mL of 1 mol L-1 HNO3 and the concentration of lead(II) was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. A detection limit of 0.050 μg L-1 could be achieved and the developed procedure was successfully applied for the determination of lead(II) in tap water and milk samples. Precision at 1 mg L-1 was 1.44 % (n = 5).
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- ATSDR-Standards and Regulations, Lead Toxicity Case Study.
- Current Status of Lead in India, Released on World Environment Day (2001).
- K. Suvardhan, K.S. Kumar, D. Rekha, B. Jayaraj, G.K. Naidu and P. Chiranjeevi, Talanta, 68, 735 (2006).
- S. Tokalioglu and S. Kartal, J. Trace Microprobe Tech., 20, 127 (2002).
- M. Shamsipur, F. Raoufi and H. Sharghi, Talanta, 52, 637 (2000).
- A. Moghimi, Mater. Sci. Res. India, 3, 195 (2006).
- K. Prasad, P. Gopikrishna, R. Kala, T.P. Rao and G.R.K. Naidu, Talanta, 69, 938 (2006).
- M. das Gracas, A. Korn, J.B. Andrade, D.S. de Jesus, V.A. Lemos, M.L.S.F. Bandeira, W.N.L. Santos, M.A. Bezerra, F.A.C. Amorim,A.S. Souza and S.L.C. Ferreira, Talanta, 69, 16 (2006).
- H. Cesur, Turk. J. Chem., 27, 307 (2003).
- J.P. Bernal, E. Rodriguez, D.S. Miguel, J.C. Aguilar, G. Salazar and J. De Gyves, Sep. Sci. Technol., 35, 1661 (2000).
- V. Gurnani and A.K. Singh, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 43, 2302 (2004).
- D. Prabhakaran and M.S. Subramanian, Talanta, 59, 1227 (2003).
- I. Narin, M. Soylak, K. Kayakirilmaz, L. Elci and M. Dogan, Anal. Lett., 36, 641 (2003).
- D. Prabhakaran and M.S. Subramanian, React. Funct. Polym., 57, 147 (2003).
- M. Kumar, D.P.S. Rathore and A.K. Singh, Talanta, 51, 1187 (2000).
- M. Kumar, D.P.S. Rathore and A.K. Singh, Analyst, 125, 1221 (2000).
- R. Pathak and G.N. Rao, Talanta, 44, 1447 (1997).
- M. Tuzen, K. Parlar and M. Soylak, J. Hazard. Mater., 121, 79 (2005).
- S. Baytak and A.R. Turker, J. Hazard. Mater., 129, 137 (2006).
- V.A. Lemos, M. de la Guardia and S.L.C. Ferreira, Talanta, 58, 475 (2002).
- R.-S. Juang, Proc. Nat. Sci. Counc. ROC(A), 23, 353 (1999).
- J.L. Cortina, N. Miralles, A. Sastre, M. Aguilar, A. Profumo and M. Pesavento, React. Polym., 21, 89 (1993).
- N. Kabay, N. Gizli, M. Demircioglu, M. Yuksel, M. Saglam, M. Arda, U. Yuksel, B. Saha and M. Streat, Chem. Eng. Commun., 190, 936 (2003).
- L.H. Reyes, I.S. Medina, R.N. Mendoza, J.R. Vazquez, M.A. Rodriguez and E. Guibal, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 40, 1422 (2001).
- N. Kabay, M. Demircioglu, H. Ekinci, M. Yuksel, M. Saglam and M. Streat, React. Funct. Polym., 38, 219 (1998).
- H. Matsunaga, A.A. Ismail, Y. Wakui and T. Yokoyama, React. Funct. Polym., 49, 189 (2001).
- M.P. Gonzalez, I. Saucedo, R. Navarro, M. Avila and E. Guibal, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 40, 6004 (2001).
- M.Y. Vilensky, B.B. Witz and A. Warshawsky, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 1851 (2002).
- M.T. Draa, T. Belaid and M. Benamor, Sep. Purif. Technol., 40, 77 (2004).
- M. Shamsipur, A.R. Ghiasvand and Y. Yamini, Anal. Chem., 71, 4892 (1999).
- A.I. Vogel, A Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, Longmans Green, London, edn. 5, p. 443 (1968).
- A.P. Argekar and A.K. Shetty, Talanta, 45, 909 (1998).
- O.R. Hashemi, M.R. Kargar, F. Raoufi, A. Moghimi, H. Aghabozorg and M.R. Ganjali, Microchem. J., 69, 1 (2001).
- O.R. Hashemi, F. Raoufi, M.R. Ganjali, A. Moghimi, M. Karagar-Razi, H. Aghabozorg and M. Shamsipur, Anal. Sci., 16, 1221 (2000).
- F. Raoufi, Y. Yamini, H. Sharghi and M. Shamsipur, Microchem. J., 63, 311 (1999).
- D.F. Hagen, C.G. Mrkell, G.A. Schmitt and D.D. Blevins, Anal. Chim. Acta, 236, 157 (1990).
- Y. Yamini, N. Alizadeh and M. Shamsipur, Anal. Chim. Acta, 69, 355 (1997).
- H. Petit de Pena, M. Gallego and M. Valcarcel, Anal. Chem., 67, 2524 (1995).
- N. Alizadeh, H. Naeimia and H. Sharghi, Polish J. Chem., 73, 915 (1999).
- A. Moghimi and R. Ghiasi, J. Korean Chem. Soc., 52, 4 (2008).
- Y.S. Choi and H.S. Choi, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 24, 222 (2003).
- A. Moghimi, Chin. J. Chem., 25, 1536 (2007).
- A. Moghimi, Chin. J. Chem., 25, 1842 (2007).
- A. Moghimi and M.J. Poursharifi, Asian J. Chem., 20, 5109 (2008).
- A. Moghimi, Chin. J. Chem., 25, 640 (2007).
- A. Moghimi and M.J. Poursharifi, Asian J. Chem., 21, 849 (2009).
- P. Nayebi and Ali Moghimi, Oriental J. Chem., 22, 507 (2006).
- A. Moghimi, Oriental J. Chem., 22, 527 (2006).
- A. Moghimi and S. Ghammamy, Environ. Chem. An Indian J., vol. 2, Issues 3 (2007).
- Y.S. Choi and H.S. Choi, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 24, 222 (2003).
- M. Saber Tehrani, F. Rastegar, A. Parchehbaf and Z. Rezvani, Chin. J. Chem., 23, 1437 (2005)
References
ATSDR-Standards and Regulations, Lead Toxicity Case Study.
Current Status of Lead in India, Released on World Environment Day (2001).
K. Suvardhan, K.S. Kumar, D. Rekha, B. Jayaraj, G.K. Naidu and P. Chiranjeevi, Talanta, 68, 735 (2006).
S. Tokalioglu and S. Kartal, J. Trace Microprobe Tech., 20, 127 (2002).
M. Shamsipur, F. Raoufi and H. Sharghi, Talanta, 52, 637 (2000).
A. Moghimi, Mater. Sci. Res. India, 3, 195 (2006).
K. Prasad, P. Gopikrishna, R. Kala, T.P. Rao and G.R.K. Naidu, Talanta, 69, 938 (2006).
M. das Gracas, A. Korn, J.B. Andrade, D.S. de Jesus, V.A. Lemos, M.L.S.F. Bandeira, W.N.L. Santos, M.A. Bezerra, F.A.C. Amorim,A.S. Souza and S.L.C. Ferreira, Talanta, 69, 16 (2006).
H. Cesur, Turk. J. Chem., 27, 307 (2003).
J.P. Bernal, E. Rodriguez, D.S. Miguel, J.C. Aguilar, G. Salazar and J. De Gyves, Sep. Sci. Technol., 35, 1661 (2000).
V. Gurnani and A.K. Singh, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 43, 2302 (2004).
D. Prabhakaran and M.S. Subramanian, Talanta, 59, 1227 (2003).
I. Narin, M. Soylak, K. Kayakirilmaz, L. Elci and M. Dogan, Anal. Lett., 36, 641 (2003).
D. Prabhakaran and M.S. Subramanian, React. Funct. Polym., 57, 147 (2003).
M. Kumar, D.P.S. Rathore and A.K. Singh, Talanta, 51, 1187 (2000).
M. Kumar, D.P.S. Rathore and A.K. Singh, Analyst, 125, 1221 (2000).
R. Pathak and G.N. Rao, Talanta, 44, 1447 (1997).
M. Tuzen, K. Parlar and M. Soylak, J. Hazard. Mater., 121, 79 (2005).
S. Baytak and A.R. Turker, J. Hazard. Mater., 129, 137 (2006).
V.A. Lemos, M. de la Guardia and S.L.C. Ferreira, Talanta, 58, 475 (2002).
R.-S. Juang, Proc. Nat. Sci. Counc. ROC(A), 23, 353 (1999).
J.L. Cortina, N. Miralles, A. Sastre, M. Aguilar, A. Profumo and M. Pesavento, React. Polym., 21, 89 (1993).
N. Kabay, N. Gizli, M. Demircioglu, M. Yuksel, M. Saglam, M. Arda, U. Yuksel, B. Saha and M. Streat, Chem. Eng. Commun., 190, 936 (2003).
L.H. Reyes, I.S. Medina, R.N. Mendoza, J.R. Vazquez, M.A. Rodriguez and E. Guibal, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 40, 1422 (2001).
N. Kabay, M. Demircioglu, H. Ekinci, M. Yuksel, M. Saglam and M. Streat, React. Funct. Polym., 38, 219 (1998).
H. Matsunaga, A.A. Ismail, Y. Wakui and T. Yokoyama, React. Funct. Polym., 49, 189 (2001).
M.P. Gonzalez, I. Saucedo, R. Navarro, M. Avila and E. Guibal, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 40, 6004 (2001).
M.Y. Vilensky, B.B. Witz and A. Warshawsky, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 1851 (2002).
M.T. Draa, T. Belaid and M. Benamor, Sep. Purif. Technol., 40, 77 (2004).
M. Shamsipur, A.R. Ghiasvand and Y. Yamini, Anal. Chem., 71, 4892 (1999).
A.I. Vogel, A Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, Longmans Green, London, edn. 5, p. 443 (1968).
A.P. Argekar and A.K. Shetty, Talanta, 45, 909 (1998).
O.R. Hashemi, M.R. Kargar, F. Raoufi, A. Moghimi, H. Aghabozorg and M.R. Ganjali, Microchem. J., 69, 1 (2001).
O.R. Hashemi, F. Raoufi, M.R. Ganjali, A. Moghimi, M. Karagar-Razi, H. Aghabozorg and M. Shamsipur, Anal. Sci., 16, 1221 (2000).
F. Raoufi, Y. Yamini, H. Sharghi and M. Shamsipur, Microchem. J., 63, 311 (1999).
D.F. Hagen, C.G. Mrkell, G.A. Schmitt and D.D. Blevins, Anal. Chim. Acta, 236, 157 (1990).
Y. Yamini, N. Alizadeh and M. Shamsipur, Anal. Chim. Acta, 69, 355 (1997).
H. Petit de Pena, M. Gallego and M. Valcarcel, Anal. Chem., 67, 2524 (1995).
N. Alizadeh, H. Naeimia and H. Sharghi, Polish J. Chem., 73, 915 (1999).
A. Moghimi and R. Ghiasi, J. Korean Chem. Soc., 52, 4 (2008).
Y.S. Choi and H.S. Choi, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 24, 222 (2003).
A. Moghimi, Chin. J. Chem., 25, 1536 (2007).
A. Moghimi, Chin. J. Chem., 25, 1842 (2007).
A. Moghimi and M.J. Poursharifi, Asian J. Chem., 20, 5109 (2008).
A. Moghimi, Chin. J. Chem., 25, 640 (2007).
A. Moghimi and M.J. Poursharifi, Asian J. Chem., 21, 849 (2009).
P. Nayebi and Ali Moghimi, Oriental J. Chem., 22, 507 (2006).
A. Moghimi, Oriental J. Chem., 22, 527 (2006).
A. Moghimi and S. Ghammamy, Environ. Chem. An Indian J., vol. 2, Issues 3 (2007).
Y.S. Choi and H.S. Choi, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 24, 222 (2003).
M. Saber Tehrani, F. Rastegar, A. Parchehbaf and Z. Rezvani, Chin. J. Chem., 23, 1437 (2005)