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Synthesis of Water Soluble Chitosan-Artemisinin Conjugate
Corresponding Author(s) : Bo Yang
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 25 No. 8 (2013): Vol 25 Issue 8
Abstract
The conjugate was prepared through a series of reactions, starting from the hydrogenation of artemisinin and then acylation, hydrolysis and condensation. The solubility of chitosan-artemisinin conjugate was evaluated and compared with a normal commercially available artemisinin. The results indicated that the conjugate had much higher solubility in comparison with artemisinin. The method reported in this paper provides a good yield of chitosan-artemisinin conjugate, chitosan-artemisinin could be attributed to increasing the bioavailability in artemisinin delivery.
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References
G. Marshall, Science, 290, 428 (2000).
D.L. Klayman, Science, 228, 1049 (1985).
X.D. Luo and C.C. Shen, Med. Res. Rev., 7, 29 (1987).
H. Lai and N.P. Singh, Cancer Lett., 91, 41 (1995).
T. Efferth, H. Dunstan and A. Sauerbrey, H. Miyachi and C.R. Chitambar, Int. J. Oncol., 18, 767 (2001).
T. Efferth, A. Benakis, M.R. Romero, M. Tomicic, R. Rauh, D. Steinbach, R. Häfer, T. Stamminger, F. Oesch, B. Kaina and M. Marschall, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 37, 998 (2004).
I. Nakase, H. Lai, N.P. Singh and T. Sasaki, Int. J. Pharm., 28, 354 (2008).
N. Bhattarai, J. Gunn and M.Q. Zhang, Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev., 62, 83 (2010).
Y.B. Schuetz, R. Gurny and O. Jordan, Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 68, 19 (2008).
J. Wu and M. Sailor, Adv. Funct. Mater., 19, 73 (2009).
Y.F. Chen and X.F. Lin, Exp. Nano. Pharm. Res., 5, 316 (2009).
M. Usuda, T. Endo, H. Nagase and K. Tomono and H. Ueda, Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 26, 613 (2000).
B. Yang, J. Lin, Y. Chen and Y. Liu, Bioorg. Med. Chem., 17, 6311 (2009).
A. Brossi, B. Venugopalan, G.L. Dominguez, H.J. Yeh, J.L. FlippenAnderson, P. Buchs, X.D. Luo, W. Milhous and W. Peters, J. Med. Chem., 31, 645 (1988).
R.K. Haynes, H.-W. Chan, M.-K. Cheung, W.-L. Lam, M.-K. Soo, H.-W. Tsang, A. Voerste and I.D. Williams, Eur. J. Org. Chem., 113 (2002).
R.C. Petter, J.S. Salek, C.T. Sikorski, R.C. Petter, J.S. Salek, C.T. Sikorski, G. Kumaravel and F.T. Lin, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 3860 (1990).