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Photocatalytic Removal of Alizarin Yellow R from Water using Modified Zinc Oxide Catalyst
Corresponding Author(s) : Ahmed K. Abass
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 28 No. 2 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 2
Abstract
The research described about the photocatalytic efficiency of zinc oxide on the photolysis of Alizarin Yellow R. Alizarin Yellow R was used as a model of azo dyes which regarded as a main water pollutants. Some variables influencing the process where studied such as: calcination temperature of catalyst, concentration of the dye, weight of catalyst, time of irradiation and doping by transition metal ions. The best degradation percentage obtained was 92.541 % by using zinc oxide prepared at calcination temperature 773 K, weight 0.3 g, dye concentration 40 ppm and through 2 h irradiation time of dye solution in the presence of medium pressure mercury lamp 400 watt. The percentage obtained was 90.850 % by using ZnO-Co, The kinetic studies showed that the reaction from pseudo first order.
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References
World Resources, The Urban Environment, Oxford University Press, USA, p. 128 (1997).
M.K. Hill, Understanding Environmental Pollution, Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom, edn 3, p. 8 (2010).
H.M. Dix, Environmental Pollution, Translated to Arabic by G.A.Adam, Basrah University Press, (1988).
D. Suteu, C. Zaharia, A. Muresan, R. Muresan and A. Popescu, Environ. Eng. Manage. J., 5, 1097 (2006).
C. Zaharia, D. Suteu, A. Muresan, R. Muresan and A. Popescu, Environ. Eng. Manage. J., 6, 1359 (2007).
K.Hunger, Industrial Dyes: Chemistry-Properties- Applications, WILEY-VCH, Germany, p. 14 (2003).
A. Bowes, S.C. Elliott, L.T. Harris, E. Methe, M. Razak and P.Y. Subagiyo, Important Early Synthetic Dyes Chemistry Constitution Date Properties, Conservation Analytical Laboratory Smithsonian Institution, p. 31 (1991).
C.C.A. Loures and M.A.K. Alcantara, H.J.I. Filho, A.C.S.C. Teixeira, F.T. Silva, T.C.B. Paiva and G.R. L. Samanamud, Int. Rev. Chem. Eng., 5, 102 (2013).
A.L. Mota, L.F. Albuquerque, L.T.C. Beltrame, O. Chiavone-Filho, A. Machulek Jr. and C.A.O. Nascimento, Brazil. J. Petroleum Gas, 2, 122 (2008).
R. Munter, Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Chem., 50, 59 (2001).
R. Rahimi, J. Shokrayian and M. Rabbani, 17th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry, pp. 1-14 (2013).
S.S. Kumar, P.Venkateswarlu, V.R. Rao and G.N. Rao, Int. Nano Lett., 3, 30 (2013); doi:10.1186/2228-5326-3-30.
K.M. Joshi and V.S. Shrivastava, Int. J. Environ. Sci., 2, 8 (2011).
A.B. Lav and Y.S. Malghe, Int. J. Photochem., Article ID 790153 (2014); doi:10.1155/2015/790153.
S. Bagheri, K.G. Chandrappa and S.B. Abd Hamid, Der Pharma Chemica, 3, 265 (2013).
D. Pavia, G. Lampman and G. Kriz, Introduction to Spectroscopy, edn 3, p. 390 (2001).
W. Sun, L. Chen, J. Tian, J. Wang and S. He, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 83, 86 (2013); doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2012.10.014.
Y.C. Wong, Y.P. Tan, Y.H. Taufiq-Yap and I. Ramli, Sains Malaysia, 43, 783 (2014).
D.E. Wurster, E. Oh and J.C.T. Wang, J. Pharm. Sci., 84, 1301 (1995); doi:10.1002/jps.2600841109.
M. Aessa, C. Hashem, A. Mounajed and F. Karabet, Damascus Univ. J. Basic Sci., 20, 203 (2004).
N. Daneshvar, D. Salari and A.R. Khataee, J. Photochem. Photobiol. Chem., 162, 317 (2004); doi:10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00378-2.
A.H. Ali, Iraqi National J. Chem., 51, 288 (2013).
Y.S. Shen and D.K. Wang, J. Hazard. Mater., 89, 267 (2002); doi:10.1016/S0304-3894(01)00317-X.
A.K. Abass, J. Al-Qadisiyah Pure Sci., 17, 82 (2012).
A.K. Abass, J. Kufa Chem. Sci., 1 (2012).
Y. Abdollahi, A.H. Abdullah, Z. Zainal and N.A. Yusof, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 13, 302 (2012); doi:10.3390/ijms13010302.
A.M. Oda, A. Salih, S. Hadi, A. Jawad, A. Sadoon and Y. Fahim, J. Babylon Univ. Pure Appl. Sci., 22, 2508 (2014).
M.S. Gowda and S.K. Kumar, Int. J. Curr. Res.,6, 8089 (2014).
M.K. Erhaima, R.A. Al-Ansari and N.F. Habubi, Baghdad Sci. J., 7, 69 (2010).
R. He, R.K. Hocking and T. Tsuzuki, J. Austr. Ceramic Soc., 49, 70 (2013).