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Synthesis of Picolines Over Metal Modified HZSM-5 Catalyst
Corresponding Author(s) : G.M. Xiao
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 27 No. 7 (2015): Vol 27 Issue 7, 2015
Abstract
A series of metal (i.e. Pb, Cd, Zn, Co, Cr) modified H-ZSM-5 catalysts were prepared by an ion-exchange method and were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, NH3-TPD and N2 adsorption techniques. There catalytic activity was evaluated in the Chichibabin condensation of acetaldehyde and ammonia giving 2-picoline, 4-picoline and a small amount of pyridine as the product. The catalyst coking behaviour was also characterized by TG measurement. The characterization results showed that the crystal structure of H-ZSM-5 was well reserved and the active metal ions were evenly spread in the ZSM-5 framework. The surface acidity was enhanced a lot after the metal modification. Catalytic results showed that metal incorporated catalysts greatly increased the total yield of pyridine bases, especially which of 2-picoline and 4-picoline, meanwhile the ratio of 2-picoline/4-picoline was also enhanced.
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References
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S. Shimizu, N. Abe, A. Iguchi and H. Sato, Catal. Surv. Jpn., 2, 71 (1998); doi:10.1023/A:1019057820543.
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S. Shimizu, N. Abe, A. Iguchi, M. Dohba, H. Sato and K. Hirose, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 21, 447 (1998); doi:10.1016/S1387-1811(98)00052-3.
Y. Liu, H. Yang, F. Jin, Y. Zhang and Y. Li, Chem. Eng. J., 136, 282 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.cej.2007.03.073.
R. Rao, S. Kulkarni, M. Subrahmanyam and A. Rao, React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 56, 301 (1995); doi:10.1007/BF02076035.
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K. Iwamoto and T. Shoji, US Patent 6281262B1 (2001).
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M. Niwa and Y. Murakami, Phys. Chem. Solids, 50, 487 (1989); doi:10.1016/0022-3697(89)90428-9.
M. Niwa, Y. Kawashima and Y. Murakami, Chem. Soc. Farad. Trans. I, 81, 2757 (1985); doi:10.1039/f19858102757.
F. Jin, Y.G. Cui and Y.D. Li, Appl. Catal. A, 350, 71 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2008.07.041.
K. Yamagishi, S. Namba and T. Yashima, J. Phys. Chem., 95, 872 (1991); doi:10.1021/j100155a071.
F. Jin, G. Wu and Y. Li, Chem. Eng. Technol., 34, 1660 (2011); doi:10.1002/ceat.201000423.
G. Coudurier, C. Naccache and J.C. Vedrine, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 24, 1413 (1982); doi:10.1039/c39820001413.
C.S. Triantafillidis, A.G. Vlessidis, L. Nalbandian and N.P. Evmiridis, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 47, 369 (2001); doi:10.1016/S1387-1811(01)00399-7.
S.C. Luo and J. Falconer, Catal. Lett., 57, 89 (1999); doi:10.1023/A:1019003817314.
A. Sile, A. Avots, I. Ioffe and M. Shimanskaya, Geter. Katal. Reakts. Poluch. Prevashch. Getero. Soedin., 169 (1971).
S. Kulkarni, R. Rao, M. Subrahmanyam and A. Rao, Appl. Catal., 113, 1 (1994); doi:10.1016/0926-860X(94)80237-8.
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