Issue

Vol. 27 No. 4 (2015): Vol 27 Issue 4

Copyright (c) 2015 AJC

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Electrochemical Treatment of Synthetic Wastewater Containing Paracetamol and Pseudoephedrine

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2015.17878
Turkan Borklu Budak
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul 34220, Turkey

Corresponding Author(s) : Turkan Borklu Budak

tborklu@yildiz.edu.tr, turkanborklu@yahoo.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 27 No. 4 (2015): Vol 27 Issue 4

Abstract

The electrochemical treatment of wastewater from pharmaceutical industry is a promising technique for substances which are widely used in medicinal materials. This paper deals with the electrochemical treatment of synthetic solutions containing paracetamol and pseudoephedrine. The changing of turbidity, oxidation reduction potential and chemical oxygen demand was investigated by varying the operating conditions. The results showed that turbidity, oxidation reduction potential and chemical oxygen demand which are eliminated by coagulation process and depends principally on aluminum concentration. All the results were obtained with the use of both cathode and anode made of aluminum (Al-Al system). With this system, optimal values of current density, initial pH and electrolysis time were 45 A/m2, 6.8 and 300 min, respectively. For these optimal parameter values, the synthetic wastewater treatment of paracetamol data are better than the synthetic wastewater containing pseudoephedrine.

Keywords

Electrochemical treatment Wastewater Paracetamol Pseudoephedrine
Borklu Budak, T. (2015). Electrochemical Treatment of Synthetic Wastewater Containing Paracetamol and Pseudoephedrine. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 27(4), 1347–1350. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2015.17878
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. E. Brillas, I. Sires, C. Arias, P.L. Cabot, F. Centellas, R.M. Rodriguez and J.A. Garrido, Chemosphere, 58, 399 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.09.028.
  2. E. Zuccato, D. Calamari, M. Natangelo and R. Fanelli, Lancet, 355, 1789 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02270-4.
  3. K. Kümmerer, Chemosphere, 45, 957 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00144-8.
  4. K. Kümmerer, Pharmaceuticals in the environment: Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (2001).
  5. K. Waterston, J.W. Wang, D. Bejan and N.J. Bunce, J. Appl. Electrochem., 36, 227 (2006); doi:10.1007/s10800-005-9049-z.
  6. C.G. Daughton and T.L. Jones-Lepp, Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment: Scientific and Regulatory Issues, American Chemical Society, Symposium Series, Washington, D.C. (2001).
  7. K. Kümmerer, Pharmaceuticals in the Environment-Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, pp. 55-66 (2004).
  8. T.A. Ternes, M. Meisenheimer, D. McDowell, F. Sacher, H.-J. Brauch, B. Haist-Gulde, G. Preuss, U. Wilme and N. Zulei-Seibert, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 3855 (2002); doi:10.1021/es015757k.
  9. T.A. Ternes, Water Res., 32, 3245 (1998); doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00099-2.
  10. M. Stumpf, T.A. Ternes, R.D. Wilken, S.V. Rodrigues and W. Baunmann, Sci. Total Environ., 225, 135 (1999); doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00339-8.
  11. T.A. Ternes and R. Hirsch, Environ. Sci. Technol., 34, 2741 (2000); doi:10.1021/es991118m.
  12. X.S. Miao, F. Bishay, M. Chen and C.D. Metcalfe, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 3533 (2004); doi:10.1021/es030653q.
  13. M. Carballa, F. Omil, J.M. Lema, M. Llompart, C. García-Jares, I. Rodríguez, M. Gómez and T. Ternes, Water Res., 38, 2918 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.watres.2004.03.029.
  14. H.J. Stan and T. Herberer, Water Analysis, 25, M20 (1997).
  15. H.R. Buser, M.D. Müller and N. Theobald, Environ. Sci. Technol., 32, 188 (1998); doi:10.1021/es9705811.
  16. H.R. Buser, T. Poiger and M.D. Müller, Environ. Sci. Technol., 32, 3449 (1988); doi:10.1021/es980301x.
  17. B. Halling-Sørensen, S. Nors Nielsen, P.F. Lanzky, F. Ingerslev, H.C. Holten Lützhøft and S.E. Jørgensen, Chemosphere, 36, 357 (1998); doi:10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00354-8.
  18. R. Hirsch, T. Ternes, K. Haberer and K.-L. Kratz, Sci. Total Environ., 225, 109 (1999); doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00337-4.
  19. H.R. Buser, T. Poiger and M.D. Müller, Environ. Sci. Technol., 33, 2529 (1999); doi:10.1021/es981014w.
  20. D.W. Kolpin, E.T. Furlong, M.T. Meyer, E.M. Thurman, S.D. Zaugg, L.B. Barber and H.T. Buxton, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 1202 (2002); doi:10.1021/es011055j.
  21. P.D. Anderson, V.J. D’Aco, P. Shanahan, S.C. Chapra, M.E. Buzby, V.L. Cunningham, B.M. DuPlessie, E.P. Hayes, F.J. Mastrocco, N.J. Parke, J.C. Rader, J.H. Samuelian and B.W. Schwab, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 838 (2004); doi:10.1021/es034430b.
  22. T. Heberer, J. Hydrol., 266, 175 (2002); doi:10.1016/S0022-1694(02)00165-8.
  23. S. Webb, T. Ternes, M. Gibert and K. Olejniczak, Toxicol. Lett., 142, 157 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0378-4274(03)00071-7.
  24. P.E. Stackelberg, E.T. Furlong, M.T. Meyer, S.D. Zaugg, A.K. Henderson and D.B. Reissman, Sci. Total Environ., 329, 99 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.03.015.
  25. A.I. del Rio, J. Fernandez, J. Molina, J. Bonastre and F. Cases, Desalination, 273, 428 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.desal.2011.01.070.
  26. R. Andreozzi, V. Caprio, R. Marotta and D. Vogna, Water Res., 37, 992 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00460-8.
  27. I.A. Balcioglu and M. Ötker, Chemosphere, 50, 85 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00534-9.
  28. M. Ravina, L. Campanella and J. Kiwi, Water Res., 36, 3553 (2002); doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00075-1.
  29. T.A. Ternes, J. Stüber, N. Herrmann, D. McDowell, A. Ried, M. Kampmann and B. Teiser, Water Res., 37, 1976 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00570-5.
  30. D. Vogna, R. Marotta, A. Napolitano and M. d’Ischia, J. Org. Chem., 67, 6143 (2002); doi:10.1021/jo025604v.
  31. C. Zwiener and F.H. Frimmel, Water Res., 34, 1881 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00338-3.
  32. M. Solak, M. Kiliç, Y. Hüseyin and A. Şencan, J. Hazard. Mater., 172, 345 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.018.
  33. X. Chen, G. Chen and P.L. Yue, Sep. Purif. Technol., 19, 65 (2000); doi:10.1016/S1383-5866(99)00072-6.
  34. K. Bensadok, S. Benammar, F. Lapicque and G. Nezzal, J. Hazard. Mater., 152, 423 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.06.121.
  35. M.H. El-Naas, S. Al-Zuhair, A. Al-Lobaney and S. Makhlouf, J. Environ. Manage., 91, 180 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.08.003.
  36. O.T. Can, M. Bayramoglu and M. Kobya, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 42, 3391 (2003); doi:10.1021/ie020951g.
  37. N. Daneshvar, A. Oladegaragoze and N. Djafarzadeh, J. Hazard. Mater., 129, 116 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.08.033.
  38. C. Escobar, C. Soto-Salazar and M. Inés Toral, J. Environ. Manage., 81, 384 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.11.012.
  39. J. Labanowski, V. Pallier and G. Feuillade-Cathalifaud, J. Hazard. Mater., 179, 166 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.02.074.
  40. S. Irdemez, N. Demircioglu, Y.Ş. Yildiz and Z. Bingül, Sep. Purif. Technol., 52, 218 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2006.04.008.
  41. C.A. Martinez-Huitle, M.A. Quiroz, Ch. Comninellis, S. Ferro and A. Battisti, Electrochim. Acta, 50, 949 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2004.07.035.
  42. I. Sires, P.L. Cabot, F. Centellas, J.A. Garrido, R.M. Rodriguez, C. Arias and E. Brillas, Electrochim. Acta, 52, 75 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2006.03.075.
  43. L. Ciríaco, C. Anjo, J. Correia, M.J. Pacheco and A. Lopes, Electrochim. Acta, 54, 1464 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2008.09.022.
  44. K. Bensadok, N. El Hanafi and F. Lapicque, Desalination, 280, 244 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.desal.2011.07.006.
  45. I. Kabdasli, M. Gurel and O. Tunay, Water Sci. Technol., 39, 265 (1999); doi:10.1016/S0273-1223(99)00287-5.
  46. L.J. Song, N.W. Zhu, H.P. Yuan, Y. Hong and J. Ding, Water Res., 44, 4371 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.watres.2010.05.052.
  47. Z.V.P. Murthy and S. Parmar, Desalination, 282, 63 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.desal.2011.08.058.
  48. G. Chen and Y.T. Hung, Electrochemical Wastewater Treatment Processes, Handbook of Environmental Engineering, Advanced Physicochemical Treatment Technologies, Springer-Verlag, New York, Vol. 5, pp. 56-106 (2009).
  49. X. Li and R. Zhang, Bioprocess Eng., 25, 103 (2002); doi:10.1007/s00449-002-0286-9.
  50. N. Daneshvar, A. Oladegaragoze and N. Djafarzadeh, J. Hazard. Mater., 129, 116 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.08.033.
  51. A.S. Koparal, Y.S. Yildiz, B. Keskinler and N. Demircioglu, Sep. Purif. Technol., 59, 175 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2007.06.004.
Read More
Author biographies is not available.
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 5 Download : 2