Copyright (c) 2014 AJC
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Nutrients Status of Kemaman River Basin in Southern South China Sea (Malaysia)
Corresponding Author(s) : S. Suratman
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 26 No. 7 (2014): Vol 26 Issue 7
Abstract
Preliminary study of phosphorus and nitrogen-based nutrients was conducted at the Kemaman River basin, Terengganu, Malaysia. Surface water samples were taken monthly from July-November 2009. In general, higher concentrations of nutrients were recorded at the station near to agricultural activities. The study also showed that the nutrients concentrations were lower compared with other selected study areas. According to the National Water Quality Standards (NWQS) classification for Malaysia, the concentrations of orthophosphate, nitrite and nitrate were in Class I water quality indicating a natural level. No comparison based on National Water Quality Standards could be made for other parameters as they are still not listed in this classification.
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- F. Li, A. Yuasa, Y. Muraki and Y. Matsui, Sci. Total Environ., 345, 99 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.11.004.
- M. Nausch and G. Nausch, J. Mar. Syst., 87, 37 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2011.02.022.
- R. Michalski and I. Kurzyca, Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 15, 5 (2006).
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- S. Xia, R. Ruan, M. Yan and Y. She, Procedia, Environ. Sci., 10, 2294 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2011.09.358.
- N. Mehrdadi and A. Bagvand Asian J. Chem., 18, 2009 (2006).
- S. Suratman, M. Awang, A.L. Loh and N. Mohd Tahir, Sains Malaysiana, 38, 125 (2009).
- State Economy Plan Unit (SEPU), State of Terengganu basic data (In Malay), Terengganu Islamic Foundation Press, Kuala Terengganu, pp. 98 (2010).
- Department of Environment (DOE), Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2010, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia, pp. 78 (2010).
- K. Grasshoff, M. Ehrhardt and K. Kremling, Methods of Seawater Analysis, Verlag Chemie, Florida, edn. 2, pp. 419 (1983).
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- B.J. Turner, Organic Phosphorus Transfer from Terrestrial to Aquatic Environments, CABI Publishing, UK, pp. 399 (2003).
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References
F. Li, A. Yuasa, Y. Muraki and Y. Matsui, Sci. Total Environ., 345, 99 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.11.004.
M. Nausch and G. Nausch, J. Mar. Syst., 87, 37 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2011.02.022.
R. Michalski and I. Kurzyca, Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 15, 5 (2006).
T. Liang, S. Wang, H. Cao, C. Zhang, H. Li, H. Li, W. Song and Z. Chong, J. Environ. Sci. (China), 20, 1195 (2008); doi:10.1016/S1001-0742(08)62209-3.
S. Xia, R. Ruan, M. Yan and Y. She, Procedia, Environ. Sci., 10, 2294 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2011.09.358.
N. Mehrdadi and A. Bagvand Asian J. Chem., 18, 2009 (2006).
S. Suratman, M. Awang, A.L. Loh and N. Mohd Tahir, Sains Malaysiana, 38, 125 (2009).
State Economy Plan Unit (SEPU), State of Terengganu basic data (In Malay), Terengganu Islamic Foundation Press, Kuala Terengganu, pp. 98 (2010).
Department of Environment (DOE), Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2010, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia, pp. 78 (2010).
K. Grasshoff, M. Ehrhardt and K. Kremling, Methods of Seawater Analysis, Verlag Chemie, Florida, edn. 2, pp. 419 (1983).
J.J. Rothwell, N.B. Dise, K.G. Taylor, T.E.H. Allott, P. Scholefield, H. Davies and C. Neal, Sci. Total Environ., 408, 841 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.041.
N. Mohd Tahir, S. Suratman, S.R. Jusoh, S.N. Yahaya, N. Mohd Yusoff and A.T. Law, Mal. J. Anal. Sci, 8, 193 (2005).
J.E. Gilley and L.M. Risse, Trans. ASAE, 43, 1583 (2000); doi:10.13031/2013.3058.
B.J. Turner, Organic Phosphorus Transfer from Terrestrial to Aquatic Environments, CABI Publishing, UK, pp. 399 (2003).
K. Wang, Z. Zhang, Y. Zhu, G. Wang, D. Shi and P. Christie, Chemosphere, 42, 209 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00127-2.
C. Neal, M. Neal, G.J.L. Leeks, G. Old, L. Hill and H. Wickham, J. Hydrol., 330, 142 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.04.016.
T. Mayer, K.M. Kuntz and A. Moller, J. Great Lakes Res., 17, 446 (1991); doi:10.1016/S0380-1330(91)71380-4.
S. Suhaimi, N. M. Tahir and S. Suriyati, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 73, 1094 (2004); doi:10.1007/s00128-004-0537-3.
T.-Y. Ling, R. Srikaran, C.-P. Kho and N. Lee, World Appl. Sci. J., 8, 496 (2010).
P. Monbet, I.D. McKelvie and P.J. Worsfold, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 73, 1027 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.gca.2008.11.024.
H. Ernstberger, A.C. Edwards and P.W. Balls, Biogeochemistry, 67, 93 (2004); doi:10.1023/B:BIOG.0000015319.82299.83.
H.P. Jarvie, P.J.A. Withers, M.J. Bowes, E.J. Palmer-Felgate, D.M. Harper, K. Wasiak, P. Wasiak, R.A. Hodgkinson, A. Bates, C. Stoate, M. Neal, H.D. Wickham, S.A. Harman and L.K. Armstrong, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 135, 238 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.agee.2009.10.002.
W.F. Ritter and L. Bergstrom, Nitrogen and Water Quality, Lewis Publishers, London, pp. 342 (2001).
P.M. Glibert, J. Harrison, C. Heil and S. Seitzinger, Biogeochemistry, 77, 441 (2006); doi:10.1007/s10533-005-3070-5.
E.H. Stanley and J.T. Maxted, Ecol. Appl., 18, 1579 (2008); doi:10.1890/07-1379.1.
T. Switzer, Harmful Algae, 8, 66 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.hal.2008.08.005.
C.-T.A. Chen, C.-M. Lin, B.-T. Huang and L.-F. Chang, Mar. Chem., 54, 179 (1996); doi:10.1016/0304-4203(96)00021-7.
C.W. Bong and C.W. Lee, Malay. J. Sci, 24, 29 (2005).
C.-W. Lee, C.-W. Bong, C.-C. Ng and S.-A. Alias, Malay. J. Sci, 25, 55 (2006).