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A Composite Photocatalyst for Methylene Blue Degradation Under Visible Light Irradiation
Corresponding Author(s) : Ahmed Jalal Samed
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 26 No. 8 (2014): Vol 26 Issue 8
Abstract
A new composite phocatalyst Mn1-xCdxS (x = 0.18) has been introduced, which can efficiently degrade methylene blue even under ordinary visible light. The order of reactivity, irrelevant to the nature of light, followed the order of Mn1-xCdxS (x = 0.18) > TiO2 > ZnO > CdS at neutral pH. The lower band gap energy (2.1 eV) of the catalyst Mn1-xCdxS (x = 0.18) was identified as the reason of the higher reactivity.
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- J. Sánchez-Martín, M. González-Velasco, J. Beltrán-Heredia, J. Gragera-Carvajal and J. Salguero-Fernández, J. Hazard. Mater., 174, 9 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.008.
- B. Neppolian, S.R. Kanel, H.C. Choi, M.V. Shankar, B. Arabindoo and V. Murugesan, Int. J. Photoenergy, 5, 45 (2003); doi:10.1155/S1110662X03000126.
- N.K. Amin, J. Hazard. Mater., 165, 52 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.09.067.
- B.R. Babu, A.K. Parande, S. Raghu and T.P. Kumar, J. Cotton Sci., 11, 141 (2007).
- C.C. Chen, A.J. Chaudhary and S.M. Grimes, Environ. Inform. Arch., 3, 111 (2005).
- S.S. Vaghela, A.D. Jethva, B.B. Mehta, S.P. Dave, S. Adimurthy and G. Ramachandraiah, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 2848 (2005); doi:10.1021/es035370c.
- W.S. Pereira and R.S. Freire, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 17, 832 (2006); doi:10.1590/S0103-50532006000500003.
- G.R.P. Malpass, D.W. Miwa, S.A.S. Machado and A.J. Motheo, J. Hazard. Mater., 156, 170 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.12.017.
- H. Fu, C. Pan, W. Yao and Y. Zhu, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 22432 (2005); doi:10.1021/jp052995j.
- W.S. Kuo and P.H. Ho, Chemosphere, 45, 77 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00008-X.
- A. Aleboyeh, H. Aleboyeh and Y. Moussa, Dyes Pigments, 57, 67 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0143-7208(03)00010-X.
- K. Swaminathan, S. Sandhya, A. Carmalin Sophia, K. Pachhade and Y.V. Subrahmanyam, Chemosphere, 50, 619 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00615-X.
- S. Chakrabarti and B. Dutta, J. Hazard. Mater., 112, 269 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.05.013.
- G.M. Shaul, T.J. Holdsworth, C.R. Dempsey and K.A. Dostal, Chemosphere, 22, 107 (1991); doi:10.1016/0045-6535(91)90269-J.
- X. Li and J. Ye, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111, 13109 (2007); doi:10.1021/jp072752m.
- J. Yang, C. Chen, H. Ji, W. Ma and J. Zhao, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 21900 (2005); doi:10.1021/jp0540914.
- M.A. Hasnat, I.A. Siddiquey and A. Nuruddin, Dyes Pigments, 66, 185 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2004.09.020.
- M.A. Hasnat, M.M. Uddin, A.J.F. Samed, S.S. Alam and S. Hossain, J. Hazard. Mater., 147, 471 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.040.
- K. Ikeue, S. Shiiba and M. Machida, Chem. Mater., 22, 743 (2010); doi:10.1021/cm9026013.
- J. Deng, M. Chen, G. Gu and L. Wu, J. Phys. Chem. B, 112, 16 (2008); doi:10.1021/jp077662w.
- S. Lakshmi, R. Renganathan and S. Fujita, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, 88, 163 (1995); doi:10.1016/1010-6030(94)04030-6.
- J. Li, C. Chen, J. Zhao, H. Zhu and J. Orthman, Appl. Catal. B, 37, 331 (2002); doi:10.1016/S0926-3373(02)00011-5.
- X. Hu, T. Mohamood, W. Ma, C. Chen and J. Zhao, J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 26012 (2006); doi:10.1021/jp063588q.
References
J. Sánchez-Martín, M. González-Velasco, J. Beltrán-Heredia, J. Gragera-Carvajal and J. Salguero-Fernández, J. Hazard. Mater., 174, 9 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.008.
B. Neppolian, S.R. Kanel, H.C. Choi, M.V. Shankar, B. Arabindoo and V. Murugesan, Int. J. Photoenergy, 5, 45 (2003); doi:10.1155/S1110662X03000126.
N.K. Amin, J. Hazard. Mater., 165, 52 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.09.067.
B.R. Babu, A.K. Parande, S. Raghu and T.P. Kumar, J. Cotton Sci., 11, 141 (2007).
C.C. Chen, A.J. Chaudhary and S.M. Grimes, Environ. Inform. Arch., 3, 111 (2005).
S.S. Vaghela, A.D. Jethva, B.B. Mehta, S.P. Dave, S. Adimurthy and G. Ramachandraiah, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 2848 (2005); doi:10.1021/es035370c.
W.S. Pereira and R.S. Freire, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 17, 832 (2006); doi:10.1590/S0103-50532006000500003.
G.R.P. Malpass, D.W. Miwa, S.A.S. Machado and A.J. Motheo, J. Hazard. Mater., 156, 170 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.12.017.
H. Fu, C. Pan, W. Yao and Y. Zhu, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 22432 (2005); doi:10.1021/jp052995j.
W.S. Kuo and P.H. Ho, Chemosphere, 45, 77 (2001); doi:10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00008-X.
A. Aleboyeh, H. Aleboyeh and Y. Moussa, Dyes Pigments, 57, 67 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0143-7208(03)00010-X.
K. Swaminathan, S. Sandhya, A. Carmalin Sophia, K. Pachhade and Y.V. Subrahmanyam, Chemosphere, 50, 619 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00615-X.
S. Chakrabarti and B. Dutta, J. Hazard. Mater., 112, 269 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.05.013.
G.M. Shaul, T.J. Holdsworth, C.R. Dempsey and K.A. Dostal, Chemosphere, 22, 107 (1991); doi:10.1016/0045-6535(91)90269-J.
X. Li and J. Ye, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111, 13109 (2007); doi:10.1021/jp072752m.
J. Yang, C. Chen, H. Ji, W. Ma and J. Zhao, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 21900 (2005); doi:10.1021/jp0540914.
M.A. Hasnat, I.A. Siddiquey and A. Nuruddin, Dyes Pigments, 66, 185 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2004.09.020.
M.A. Hasnat, M.M. Uddin, A.J.F. Samed, S.S. Alam and S. Hossain, J. Hazard. Mater., 147, 471 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.040.
K. Ikeue, S. Shiiba and M. Machida, Chem. Mater., 22, 743 (2010); doi:10.1021/cm9026013.
J. Deng, M. Chen, G. Gu and L. Wu, J. Phys. Chem. B, 112, 16 (2008); doi:10.1021/jp077662w.
S. Lakshmi, R. Renganathan and S. Fujita, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, 88, 163 (1995); doi:10.1016/1010-6030(94)04030-6.
J. Li, C. Chen, J. Zhao, H. Zhu and J. Orthman, Appl. Catal. B, 37, 331 (2002); doi:10.1016/S0926-3373(02)00011-5.
X. Hu, T. Mohamood, W. Ma, C. Chen and J. Zhao, J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 26012 (2006); doi:10.1021/jp063588q.