Antifungal and Bioherbicidal Properties of Essential Oils of Thymus fallax Fish &amp; Mey., Origanum vulgare L. and Mentha dumetorum Schult.

A. Onaran; M. Yilar; S. Belguzar; Y. Bayan; H. Aksit

doi:10.14233/ajchem.2014.16582

Issue

Vol. 26 No. 16 (2014): Vol 26 Issue 16

Issue Published : July 28, 2014

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Antifungal and Bioherbicidal Properties of Essential Oils of Thymus fallax Fish & Mey., Origanum vulgare L. and Mentha dumetorum Schult.

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2014.16582

A. Onaran

Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahi Evran University, 40200 Kirsehir, Turkey

M. Yilar

Organic Agriculture Department,Artova Vocational School of Higher Education, Gaziosmanpasa University, 60670 Artova, Tokat, Turkey

S. Belguzar

Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Gaziosmanpasa University, 60240 Tokat, Turkey

Y. Bayan

Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sütçü Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey

H. Aksit

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziosmanpasa University, 60240 Tokat, Turkey

Corresponding Author(s) : A. Onaran

abdonaran@hotmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 26 No. 16 (2014): Vol 26 Issue 16
Article Published : August 4, 2014

Abstract

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of Thymus fallax, Origanum vulgare and Mentha dumetorum was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the following were found to be the main constituents: T. fallax-thymol (41.48 %), o-cymene (26.75 %), z-terpinen (15.84 %), 2-isopropyl-1-methoxy-4-methylbenzene (5.10 %), terpineolene (2.11 %) and carvacrol (1.28 %); O. vulgare-thymol (50.41 %), carvacrol (12.96 %), 2-bornene (11.28 %), z-terpinen (8.80 %), o-cymene (6.68 %), a-bisabolane (2.19 %) and caryophyllene (1.31 %); and M. dumetorum-carvone (39.64 %), eucalyptol (14.34 %), dihydrocarvone (12.78 %), limonene (7.79 %). The antifungal activities of the oils against Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani were also evaluated and were found to be toxic to the pathogens. The results revealed that essential oils, especially those of T. fallax and O. vulgare, had a strong antifungal activity with a significant inhibition on the growth of the 3 tested fungi. In contrast, the M. dumetorum oil did not inhibit the growth of Rhizoctonia solani and also exerted a limited inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of the other two fungi tested. The results of herbicidal assays using these essential oils against four different plant species, Abutilon theophrasti Medik., Agrostemma githago L., Medicago sativa L. and Lepidium sativum L., showed that the oils had inhibitory effects on seed germination and seedling growth. The findings of the present study confirmed that plant essential oils can be used as natural herbicides and fungicides to control weeds and pathogenic fungi, thus, reducing the dependence on synthetic pesticides.

Keywords

Thymus fallax Origanum vulgare Mentha dumetorum Essential oils Biological activities

Onaran, A., Yilar, M., Belguzar, S., Bayan, Y., & Aksit, H. (2014). Antifungal and Bioherbicidal Properties of Essential Oils of Thymus fallax Fish & Mey., Origanum vulgare L. and Mentha dumetorum Schult. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 26(16), 5159–5164. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2014.16582

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S.O. Lee, G.J. Choi, K.S. Jang, H.K. Lim, K.Y. Cho and J.C. Kim, Plant Pathol. J., 23, 97 (2007); doi:10.5423/PPJ.2007.23.2.097.

M.B. Isman, Crop Prot., 19, 603 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0261-2194(00)00079-X.

M. Barnard, M. Padgitt and N.D. Uri, Int. Pest Contr., 39, 161 (1997).

G. Misra and S.G. Pavlostathis, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 47, 572 (1997); doi:10.1007/s002530050975.

E. Roditakis, N.E. Roditakis and A. Tsagkarakou, Pest Manag. Sci., 61, 577 (2005); doi:10.1002/ps.1029.

H. Demirkan, Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg, 46, 71 (2009).

Ş. Kordali, A. Çakir, T.A. Akçin, E. Mete, A. Akçin, T. Aydin and H. Kiliç, Ind. Crops Prod., 29, 562 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.11.002.

S.O. Duke, F.E. Dayan, J.G. Romagni and A.M. Rimando, Weed Res., 40, 99 (2000); doi:10.1046/j.1365-3180.2000.00161.x.

N. Dudai, A. Poljakoff-Mayber, A.M. Mayer, E. Putievsky and H.R. Lerner, J. Chem. Ecol., 25, 1079 (1999); doi:10.1023/A:1020881825669.

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Ş. Kordali, A. Çakir and S. Sutay, Z. Naturforsch, 62, 207 (2007).

O. Çalmasur, I. Aslan and F. Şahin, Ind. Crops Prod., 23, 140 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2005.05.003.

M.M. Bayramoglu, D. Toksoy and G. Sen, Türkiye'de Tibbi Bitki Ticareti. II. Ormancilikta Sosyo- Ekonomik Sorunlar Kongresi. 19-21 Subat, Isparta, Turkey (2009).

K.H.C. Başer and N. Kirimer, Acta Hortic., 723, 163 (2006).

B. Demirci, N. Tabanca and K.H.C. Başer, Flavour Fragrance J., 17, 54 (2002); doi:10.1002/ffj.1039.

M.Z. Haznedaroglu, T. Oztürk and S. Konyalioglu, Salvia smyrnaea Boiss. uçucu yaginin antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktivitesi. 14. Bitkisel Ilaç Hammaddeleri Toplantisi, Bildiriler, 29-31 May 2002, Eskisehir, Turkey (2004).

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M. Özcan and N. Boyraz, Eur. Food Res. Technol., 212, 86 (2000); doi:10.1007/s002170000249.

S. Öztürk and S. Ercişli, Pharm. Biol., 43, 609 (2005); doi:10.1080/13880200500301928.

G.N. Dhanapal, P.C. Struik, P.C.J.M. Timmermans and S.J. Borg, J. Sustain. Agric., 11, 5 (1998); doi:10.1300/J064v11n04_03.

H. Önen, J. Turk. Weed Sci, 6, 39 (2003).

H.P. Singh, D.R. Batish, N. Setia and R.K. Kohli, Ann. Appl. Biol., 146, 89 (2005); doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2005.04018.x.

L.F.R. de Almeida, F. Frei, E. Mancini, L. De Martino and V. De Feo, Molecules, 15, 4309 (2010); doi:10.3390/molecules15064309.

L.G. Angelini, G. Carpanese, P.L. Cioni, I. Morelli, M. Macchia and G. Flamini, J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 6158 (2003); doi:10.1021/jf0210728.

O. Messerschmidt, J. Jankauskas and F. Smith, US Patent, 2010/0216644,A1 (2010).

R. Koitabashi, T. Suzuki, T. Kawazu, A. Sakai, H. Kuroiwa and T. Kuroiwa, J. Plant Res., 110, 1 (1997); doi:10.1007/BF02506836.

J.A. Zygadlo and M.P. Zunino, Planta, 219, 303 (2004); doi:10.1007/s00425-004-1216-7.

N. Nishida, S. Tamotsu, N. Nagata, C. Saito and A. Sakai, J. Chem. Ecol., 31, 1187 (2005); doi:10.1007/s10886-005-4256-y.