Isolation, Structural Characterisation and Antifertility Assessment of a  Novel Flavonol Glycoside from Rivea hypocrateriformis

S.S. Godipurge; M.T. Padmaja; S. Chandrasekhar; S. Yallappa; Basavaraj S. Hungund; Anusha Maralagala Nagaraju; P.H. Sunitha

doi:10.14233/ajchem.2026.36474

Issue

Vol. 38 No. 8 (2026): Vol 38, Issue 8 (2026)

Issue Published : 7 August 2026

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Isolation, Structural Characterisation and Antifertility Assessment of a Novel Flavonol Glycoside from Rivea hypocrateriformis

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2026.36474

S.S. Godipurge

Departmetn of P.G. Studies and Research in Chemistry, Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi-585106, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9094-0914

M.T. Padmaja

Department of Chemistry, Vijaya College, R.V. Road, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru-560011, India

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3041-201X

S. Chandrasekhar

Department of Physics, BNM Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-560070, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-2987

S. Yallappa

Department of Chemistry, Cambridge Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-560036, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5252-5541

Basavaraj S. Hungund

Bioresource Development Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi-580031, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0971-3715

Anusha Maralagala Nagaraju

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, BGS Institute of Technology, (Affiliated to Adichunchanagiri University), B G Nagara-571811, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-5998

P.H. Sunitha

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, M.S. Engineering College, Bengaluru-562110, India

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5277-7514

Corresponding Author(s) : S. Yallappa

yallappashiralgi5@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 38 No. 8 (2026): Vol 38, Issue 8 (2026)
Article Published : 7 August 2026

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify and characterise a novel flavonoid glycoside, hypocroside (compound 1), isolated from Rivea hypocrateriformis and evaluate its antifertility activity. The ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of R. hypocrateriformis was fractionated by chromatographic techniques, and the structure of the novel compound was elucidated using ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, mass spectrometry, TLC and HPLC analyses. The ethyl acetate fraction (FERH) and the isolated compound (compound 1) were selected from the crude extract for biological evaluation. Their antifertility activity was assessed in rats using anti-implantation, estrogenic and anti-estrogenic assays. FERH and compound 1 exhibited anti-implantation activity at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight and 12.50 and 25 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Both treatments exhibited significant anti-estrogenic activity and increased uterine weight in immature ovariectomised rats. The reduction in the number of implantation sites in female rats confirmed the antifertility activity of compound 1 and identified it as a promising antifertility agent with anti-estrogenic potential. Molecular docking analysis examined the binding of compound 1 with the target protein. Compound 1 formed hydrogen bonds with PHE337 (2.63 Å), GLN414 (2.57 and 2.38 Å), ASN407 (2.39 Å), SER341 (2.34 Å) and ASP411 (2.68 Å). The molecular docking results and the in vitro anti-estrogenic activity support the role of compound 1 as an inhibitor of the estrogen receptor.

Keywords

Rivea hypocrateriformis Flavonoid glycoside Hypocroside Antifertility activity

(1)

Godipurge, S.; Padmaja, M.; Chandrasekhar, S.; Yallappa, S.; Hungund, B. S.; Nagaraju, A. M.; Sunitha, P. Isolation, Structural Characterisation and Antifertility Assessment of a Novel Flavonol Glycoside from Rivea Hypocrateriformis. ajc 2026, 38, 2191-2198.

Download Citation

References

D. Kumar, A. Kumar and O. Prakash, J. Ethnopharmacol., 140, 1 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.039
J.K.C. Ma, P.M.W. Drake and P. Christou, Nat. Rev. Genet., 4, 794 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg1177
B. Hilal, M.M. Khan and Q. Fariduddin, Plant Physiol. Biochem., 211, 108674 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108674
M. Daniyal and M. Akram, J. Chin. Med. Assoc., 78, 382 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcma.2015.03.008
H. Shivalingappa, N.D. Satyanarayan, M.G. Purohit, A. Sharanabasappa and S.B. Patil, J. Ethnopharmacol., 82, 11 (2002); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00073-9
S.S. Godipurge, S. Rahber, J.S. Biradar and N. Mahurkar, Int. J. Toxicol. Pharmacol. Res., 7, 65 (2015).
V.P. Deshmukh, in eds.: T. Pullaiah, Biomolecules and therapeutics of Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds, In: Bioactives and Pharmacology of Lamiaceae, Medicinal Plants Series, Singapore: Springer, pp. 111-127 (2023).
Z. Zamarrud, I. Ali, H. Hussain, V.U. Ahmad, M. Qaiser, A. Amyn and F.V. Mohammad, Fitoterapia, 82, 601 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2011.03.002
J. Silverman, Managing the Laboratory Animal Facility, CRC Press (2016).
B.A. Ferreira, R.F. Silva, F.B.R. de Moura, C.T. Narduchi, S.R. Deconte, P. Sartorelli, T.C. Tomiosso, J.H.G. Lago and F.A. Araújo, Nat. Prod. Res., 36, 5858 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2021.2019729
W. Shibeshi, E. Makonnen, L. Zerihun and A. Debella, Afr. Health Sci., 6, 108 (2006).
A.M. Brzozowski, A.C. Pike, Z. Dauter, R.E. Hubbard, T.Bonn, O. Engström, L. Öhman, G.L. Greene, J.Å. Gustafsson and M. Carlquist, Nature, 389, 753 (1997); https://doi.org/10.1038/39645
T. Maradesha, S.M. Patil, K.A. Al-Mutairi, S.V. Madhunapantula, R. Ramu and T. Alqadi, Molecules, 27, 1888 (2022); https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27061888
S.M. Patil, R.M. Martiz, R. Ramu, P.S. Shirahatti, A. Prakash, B.P. Kumar and N. Kumar, J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., 40, 12491 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2021.1971561
S.M. Patil, K.R. Maruthi, S.N. Bajpe, V.M. Vyshali, S. Sushmitha, C. Akhila and R. Ramu, Bioinformation, 17, 932 (2021); https://doi.org/10.6026/97320630017932
N. Vasudeva and S.K. Sharma, J. Ethnopharmacol., 107, 179 (2006); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.009
V.C. Jordan, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 2, 205 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd1031
A. Makker and M.M. Singh, Med. Res. Rev., 26, 699 (2006); https://doi.org/10.1002/med.20061
K.K. Singh, S. Parmar and P.A. Tatke, Contraception, 85, 122 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2011.04.013
S.A. Amin, P. Bhattacharya, S. Basak, S. Gayen, A. Nandy and A. Saha, Comput. Biol. Chem., 67, 213 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2017.01.004
M. Ganguly, J. Hazarika, S. Sarma, P. Bhuyan and R. Mahanta, J. Theor. Comput. Chem., 19, 2041004 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219633620410047

References

D. Kumar, A. Kumar and O. Prakash, J. Ethnopharmacol., 140, 1 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.039

J.K.C. Ma, P.M.W. Drake and P. Christou, Nat. Rev. Genet., 4, 794 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg1177

B. Hilal, M.M. Khan and Q. Fariduddin, Plant Physiol. Biochem., 211, 108674 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108674

M. Daniyal and M. Akram, J. Chin. Med. Assoc., 78, 382 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcma.2015.03.008

H. Shivalingappa, N.D. Satyanarayan, M.G. Purohit, A. Sharanabasappa and S.B. Patil, J. Ethnopharmacol., 82, 11 (2002); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00073-9

S.S. Godipurge, S. Rahber, J.S. Biradar and N. Mahurkar, Int. J. Toxicol. Pharmacol. Res., 7, 65 (2015).

V.P. Deshmukh, in eds.: T. Pullaiah, Biomolecules and therapeutics of Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds, In: Bioactives and Pharmacology of Lamiaceae, Medicinal Plants Series, Singapore: Springer, pp. 111-127 (2023).

Z. Zamarrud, I. Ali, H. Hussain, V.U. Ahmad, M. Qaiser, A. Amyn and F.V. Mohammad, Fitoterapia, 82, 601 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2011.03.002

J. Silverman, Managing the Laboratory Animal Facility, CRC Press (2016).

B.A. Ferreira, R.F. Silva, F.B.R. de Moura, C.T. Narduchi, S.R. Deconte, P. Sartorelli, T.C. Tomiosso, J.H.G. Lago and F.A. Araújo, Nat. Prod. Res., 36, 5858 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2021.2019729

W. Shibeshi, E. Makonnen, L. Zerihun and A. Debella, Afr. Health Sci., 6, 108 (2006).

A.M. Brzozowski, A.C. Pike, Z. Dauter, R.E. Hubbard, T.Bonn, O. Engström, L. Öhman, G.L. Greene, J.Å. Gustafsson and M. Carlquist, Nature, 389, 753 (1997); https://doi.org/10.1038/39645

T. Maradesha, S.M. Patil, K.A. Al-Mutairi, S.V. Madhunapantula, R. Ramu and T. Alqadi, Molecules, 27, 1888 (2022); https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27061888

S.M. Patil, R.M. Martiz, R. Ramu, P.S. Shirahatti, A. Prakash, B.P. Kumar and N. Kumar, J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., 40, 12491 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2021.1971561

S.M. Patil, K.R. Maruthi, S.N. Bajpe, V.M. Vyshali, S. Sushmitha, C. Akhila and R. Ramu, Bioinformation, 17, 932 (2021); https://doi.org/10.6026/97320630017932

N. Vasudeva and S.K. Sharma, J. Ethnopharmacol., 107, 179 (2006); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.009

V.C. Jordan, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 2, 205 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd1031

A. Makker and M.M. Singh, Med. Res. Rev., 26, 699 (2006); https://doi.org/10.1002/med.20061

K.K. Singh, S. Parmar and P.A. Tatke, Contraception, 85, 122 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2011.04.013

S.A. Amin, P. Bhattacharya, S. Basak, S. Gayen, A. Nandy and A. Saha, Comput. Biol. Chem., 67, 213 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2017.01.004

M. Ganguly, J. Hazarika, S. Sarma, P. Bhuyan and R. Mahanta, J. Theor. Comput. Chem., 19, 2041004 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219633620410047

Author biographies is not available.