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Vol. 38 No. 7 (2026): Vol. 38, No 7 (2026)

Copyright (c) 2026 Aashna Sinha, Nishesh Sharma, Ajay Singh, Shanti Bhushan Mishra, Nitin Kumar

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Comparative Phytochemical Screening by GC-MS and Assessment of Biological Activities of Leaves, Stem and Root of Costus igneus

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2026.35001
Aashna Sinha
School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun-248007, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3550-6442
Nishesh Sharma
School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun-248007, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4350-5175
Ajay Singh
School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun-248007, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4526-1880
Shanti Bhushan Mishra
Department of Pharmacognosy, United Institute of Pharmacy, Prayagraj-211010, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-3624
Nitin Kumar
Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town, Dehradun-248002, India; Centre for Research Impact, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Rajpura-140401, India
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8878-8155

Corresponding Author(s) : Nishesh Sharma

nishesh21@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 38 No. 7 (2026): Vol. 38, No 7 (2026)

Abstract

Costus igneus (insulin plant), is among the important medicinal plant known for its diverse medicinal properties; in particular, to manage blood glucose levels. The present study is a comparative analysis of phytochemical composition and pharmacological activities of leaves, stem and root of insulin plant through FTIR, GC-MS analysis, DPPH radical scavenging ability, protein denaturation inhibition and in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of different plant parts. Among the extracts tested, the leaf extract exhibited the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity, showing efficacy comparable to that of the standard drug acarbose. The leaf extract exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, reaching maximum inhibition at 100 µg/mL. In the protein denaturation assay, the stem extract showed anti-inflammatory activity comparable to salicylic acid and second only to the leaf extract. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of diverse bioactive compounds in all plant parts, with the root containing the highest concentration and greatest phytochemical diversity. While previous studies have largely focused on the leaves, the present findings demonstrate that the stem and root also possess considerable therapeutic potential, expanding their prospects for healthcare and related industrial applications.

Keywords

Costus igneus GC-MS FTIR In vitro α-amylase inhibitory DPPH-radical scavenging Protein denaturation assay
(1)
Sinha, A.; Sharma, N.; Singh, A.; Mishra, S. B.; Kumar, N. Comparative Phytochemical Screening by GC-MS and Assessment of Biological Activities of Leaves, Stem and Root of Costus Igneus. ajc 2026, 38, 1953-1959.
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