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Vol. 38 No. 5 (2026): Vol 38, Issue 5, 2026

Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Bhanupriya Mordhiya, Pooja Meena, Rekha Sharma, Ashish Dev Kanwadia, Pooja

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Mustard Waste-Derived Activated Carbon for Efficient Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2026.35477
Pooja Meena
Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, India
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9756-5218
Rekha Sharma
Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, India
Ashish Dev Kanwadia
Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, India
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6927-6224
Pooja
Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, India
Bhanupriya Mordhiya
Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, India
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2124-9910

Corresponding Author(s) : Bhanupriya Mordhiya

bmordhiya@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 38 No. 5 (2026): Vol 38, Issue 5, 2026

Abstract

This study demonstrates the effective use of mustard-waste-derived activated carbon as a sustainable and low-cost adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. SEM and TEM analyses revealed a highly porous and heterogeneous surface, while FTIR confirmed the presence of functional groups (-OH, -COOH, -C=O), facilitating dye adsorption. BET analysis yielded a surface area of 125.3 m2/g with a monolayer adsorption volume (Vm) of 28.79 cm3/g and a BET constant (C) of 43.34, indicating strong adsorbate-adsorbent interactions. Batch experiments achieved a maximum removal efficiency of 97.97% at pH 8, contact time of 80 min and adsorbent dose of 50 mg. Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model (R2 > 0.99), suggesting chemisorption, while equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.987) with a maximum capacity of 46.34 mg/g. Thermodynamic studies confirmed a spontaneous and endothermic adsorption process.

Keywords

Mustard waste Adsorbent Malachite green Eco-friendly adsorbent Langmuir isotherm
(1)
Meena, P.; Sharma, R.; Kanwadia, A. D.; Pooja; Mordhiya, B. Mustard Waste-Derived Activated Carbon for Efficient Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution. ajc 2026, 38, 1177-1188.
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