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Vol. 38 No. 5 (2026): Vol 38, Issue 5, 2026

Copyright (c) 2026 Mariam khalil, FZ MAAROUF, H.KHALIL, Abdelkebir Bellaouchou, Saidati Bouhlassa, M.HMAMOU

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Effect of SiO42–, Fe3+, Mg2+ and Al3+ on Surface Hydration and Activation of Water Adsorbed on Apatite

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2026.35559
M. Khalil
Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Materials (LCAM), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco; Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, P.O. Box.1014, Rabat, Morocco
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0852-5619
Fz. Maarouf
Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Materials (LCAM), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4612-8638
H. Khalil
Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Materials (LCAM), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-9542
A. Bellaouchou
Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, P.O. Box.1014, Rabat, Morocco
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9006-1729
S. Bouhlassa
Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Materials (LCAM), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-6950
M. Hmamou
Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Materials (LCAM), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8925-8678

Corresponding Author(s) : M. Khalil

mariamkhalil47@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 38 No. 5 (2026): Vol 38, Issue 5, 2026

Abstract

The surface properties of apatite are crucial for its reactivity and release behaviour of phosphate in the soil. Apatite exhibits a crystalline structure that strongly influences its morphology and surface characteristics. The morphology of apatite occurs in various forms, including granular, massive and fibrous textures, which can influence its interaction with soil particles and nutrient availability. This property also reflects the pH at which the surface charge of apatite becomes neutral. The surface of apatite can be enriched or depleted in certain elements compared to its bulk composition due to weathering processes and interactions with soil microbes. In this work, the hydration and activation of water adsorbed on apatite surfaces in presence of SiO42–, Fe3+, Mg2+ and Al3+ were investigated. Using integrated spectroscopic, potentiometric and surface chemistry analyses, distinct hydration, activation pathways were identified, and the evolution of surface species was monitored as a function of pH and dopant composition. The results demonstrate that surface protonation states and ligand exchange processes play key roles in controlling apatite reactivity in complex natural systems.

Keywords

Surface properties Morphology Apatite Hydration
(1)
Khalil, M.; Maarouf, F.; Khalil, H.; Bellaouchou, A.; Bouhlassa, S.; Hmamou, M. Effect of SiO42–, Fe3+, Mg2+ and Al3+ on Surface Hydration and Activation of Water Adsorbed on Apatite. ajc 2026, 38, 1170-1176.
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