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Vol. 38 No. 5 (2026): Vol 38, Issue 5, 2026

Copyright (c) 2026 Mohamed Ibrahim, Yassien Temerk, Hossieny Ibrahim, Mohamed Kotb, Mohamed Salah

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Electrochemical Sensor Based on an Acetylene Black Nanoparticles Pencil Graphite Composite for Trace Determination of Avanafil and its Interaction with Doxazosin Drug

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2026.35595
Mohamed Ibrahim
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-1284
Yassien Temerk
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1937-5120
Hossieny Ibrahim
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9008-3564
Mohamed Kotb
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
Mohamed Salah
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1059-8117

Corresponding Author(s) : Mohamed Ibrahim

msayed217@aun.edu.eg

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 38 No. 5 (2026): Vol 38, Issue 5, 2026

Abstract

Avanafil (AVA), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor effective in treating erectile dysfunction, can be rapidly and sensitively detected through cost‑efficient electrochemical techniques. In this study, a novel voltammetric sensor based on a composite pencil graphite paste electrode (CPG-PE) improved with acetylene black nanoparticles (ABNPs/CPG-PE) for the trace quantification of AVA in the pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids. The ABNPs/CPG-PE displayed high efficiency in oxidation of AVA employing adsorptive stripping square-wave voltammetry (AdS-SWV) in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). AdS-SWV was effectively utilised for AVA detection using ABNPs/CPG-PE as a selective and sensitive method demonstrating two distinct linear concentration ranges of 0.002-1.96 µM and 1.96-19.6 µM AVA. The LOD and LOQ were 9.3 × 10–10 M and 3.1 × 10–9 M, respectively, with a sensitivity of 59.97 mA µM–1 cm–2. Furthermore, the electrochemical behaviour of AVA in the presence of antihypertensive doxazosin (DOX) as a selective α-blocker on ABNPs/CPG-PE was explored and the interaction between AVA and DOX drugs was discussed.

Keywords

Avanafil Electrochemical sensor Acetylene black Pharmaceutical analysis Doxazosin drug Drug-drug interactions
(1)
Ibrahim, M.; Temerk, Y.; Ibrahim, H.; Kotb, M.; Salah, M. Electrochemical Sensor Based on an Acetylene Black Nanoparticles Pencil Graphite Composite for Trace Determination of Avanafil and Its Interaction With Doxazosin Drug. ajc 2026, 38, 1221-1233.
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