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Vol. 38 No. 4 (2026): Vol 38 Issue 4, 2026

Copyright (c) 2026 Dr.M.MANGALAM Mangalam, Dr.Vengatesh rajendran

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Green Synthesis and Characterisation of Silver Nanoparticles using Tuber Extract of Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J.Sm.: In vitro Cytotoxicity Activity against Human Liver Cancer (HepG2) Cells

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2026.35460
Asi Thomas
Department of Biochemistry, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-641029, India
Kalaiselvan Selvaraj
Department of Biochemistry, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-641029, India
Rajendran Venkatesh
Department of Saveetha College of Nursing, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai-602106, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7881-5926
M. Mangalam
Department of Chemistry, Rajah Serfoji Government College, Thanjavur-613005, India
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2659-887X
Ashmitha Elangovan
Department of Zoology, PSGR Krishnammal College of Women, Coimbatore-641004, India
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8346-9156
Nirubama Kumar
Department of Biochemistry, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-641029, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7261-6045

Corresponding Author(s) : M. Mangalam

mangalampasu18@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 38 No. 4 (2026): Vol 38 Issue 4, 2026

Abstract

Nanomedicine enables targeted drug delivery within the tumor microenvironment and shows considerable promise for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigates the phytoconstituents of Drynaria quercifolia, which are known for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. In addition, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized from the tuber extract of D. quercifolia and their apoptotic and cytotoxic effects were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the high concentrations of phenols and flavonoids contribute significantly to antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 223.70 µg/mL in the DPPH assay and 208.56 µg/mL in the ABTS+ assay, values that are comparable to the standard IC50. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, which showed a characteristic absorption peak at 445 nm. FTIR spectroscopy indicated the presence of O–H functional groups, while SEM analysis revealed crystalline nanoparticles with an approximate size of 40 nm. Furthermore, cytotoxicity assays clearly demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in the viability of HepG2 cells. Similar observations were obtained in apoptosis assays using Ag NPs.

Keywords

Drynaria quercifolia Silver nanoparticles Liver cancer Cytotoxicity
(1)
Thomas, A.; Selvaraj, K.; Venkatesh, R.; Mangalam, M.; Elangovan, A.; Kumar, N. Green Synthesis and Characterisation of Silver Nanoparticles Using Tuber Extract of Drynaria Quercifolia (L.) J.Sm.: In Vitro Cytotoxicity Activity Against Human Liver Cancer (HepG2) Cells. ajc 2026, 38, 938-948.
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