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Vol. 38 No. 3 (2026): Vol 38 Issue 3, 2026

Copyright (c) 2026 Amol B. Chavan, SANJAYKUMAR S. GAWADE, PARVEJHA S. MALDAR

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Hydrothermal Synthesis, Characterization and Biocompatibility Study of Thermally Modified Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2026.35315
Amol B. Chavan
Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Kasegaon Education Society’s Rajarambapu Institute of Technology (Affiliated to Shivaji University, Kolhapur), Sakharale-415414, India; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Technology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7034-9983
Sanjaykumar S. Gawade
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kasegaon Education Society’s Rajarambapu Institute of Technology (Affiliated to Shivaji University, Kolhapur), Sakharale-415414, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0498-8162
Parvejha S. Maldar
Department of Sciences and Humanities, Kasegaon Education Society’s Rajarambapu Institute of Technology (Affiliated to Shivaji University, Kolhapur), Sakharale-415414, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4573-2478

Corresponding Author(s) : Sanjaykumar S. Gawade

sanjaykumar.gawade@ritindia.edu

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 38 No. 3 (2026): Vol 38 Issue 3, 2026

Abstract

The hydrothermal synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) followed by comprehensive characterization using XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and cytotoxicity analysis, enabling systematic evaluation of the effects of hydrothermal processing and post-synthesis heat treatment on the structural properties and biological response of HANPs were carried out. In this work, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and ammonia solution were used as precursors. The synthesized HANPs were subsequently heat-treated at 200 ºC, 300 ºC and 400 ºC, and the treated samples were evaluated for phase composition, structural morphology and cytotoxicity. The synthesized HANPs exhibited a hexagonal crystal structure with an average crystallite size of 24.87 nm and the cytotoxicity results confirmed their biocompatibility. These structural and biological characteristics indicate that HANPs prepared through this method are promising biomaterials for potential biomedical applications, while the synthesis approach remains simple and cost-effective.

Keywords

Hydroxyapatite Hydrothermal method Nanoparticles Biomaterial Cytotoxicity
(1)
Chavan, A. B.; Gawade, S. S.; Maldar, P. S. Hydrothermal Synthesis, Characterization and Biocompatibility Study of Thermally Modified Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles. ajc 2026, 38, 747-754.
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