Issue

Vol. 38 No. 2 (2026): Vol 38 Issue 2, 2026

Copyright (c) 2026 Mohan Kumar P, Krishnakanth E

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Green Synthesis of Ni-Fe co-doped TiO2 (Ni0.05Fe0.05Ti0.9O2) Nanoparticles for Enhanced Supercapacitor Applications

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2026.35092
E. Krishnakanth
Material Research Centre, School of Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore-560064, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7478-1845
P. Mohan Kumar
Department of Physics, School of Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore-560064, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8712-2534

Corresponding Author(s) : P. Mohan Kumar

mohankumar.p@presidencyuniversity.in

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 38 No. 2 (2026): Vol 38 Issue 2, 2026

Abstract

This work reports the green synthesis of Ni and Fe co-doped TiO2 nanocomposites via solution combustion using aloe vera gel as bio-fuel. The prepared Ni0.05Fe0.05Ti0.9O2 composition was confirmed by XRD and Raman spectroscopy, which showed anatase phase retention and successful substitution of Ti4+ by Ni2+ and Fe3+, inducing lattice distortion and local symmetry defects. SEM revealed reduced particle size and improved dispersion due to co-doping. Electrochemical studies including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge and impedance spectroscopy demonstrated enhanced capacitance, energy density and charge transfer dynamics in NiFeTiO2 compared to pure and Fe-doped TiO2. The NiFeTiO2 electrode achieved a high specific capacitance (140 F g–1), energy density (280 Wh/kg) and power density (54 kW/kg), highlighting the complementary role of binary doping in improving conductivity and pseudocapacitive behaviour. Overall, green synthesis and transition metal co-doping offer a sustainable route to high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials.

Keywords

Green synthesis Aloe Vera Energy storage Supercapacitor
(1)
Krishnakanth, E.; Kumar, P. M. Green Synthesis of Ni-Fe Co-Doped TiO2 (Ni0.05Fe0.05Ti0.9O2) Nanoparticles for Enhanced Supercapacitor Applications. ajc 2026, 38, 491-498.
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. G. Yu, X. Xie, L. Pan, Z. Bao and Y. Cui, Nano Energy, 2, 213 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2012.10.006
  2. M.I. Rafiq, T. Farid, J. Zhou, A. Ali, J. Tang and W. Tang, J. Alloys Compd., 811, 151858 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.151858
  3. A. Roy, A. Ray, P. Sadhukhan, S. Saha and S. Das, Mater. Res. Bull., 107, 379 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2018.08.013
  4. A. Ray, A. Roy, S. Bhattacharjee, S. Jana, C.K. Ghosh, C. Sinha and S. Das, Electrochim. Acta, 266, 404 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.033
  5. P. Maji, A. Ray, P. Sadhukhan, A. Roy and S. Das, Mater. Lett., 227, 268 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2018.05.101
  6. Y. Yang, R. Wang, Z. Shen, Q. Yu, R. Xiong and W. Shen, Adv. Appl. Energy., 11, 100146 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adapen.2023.100146
  7. S. Wodyk, M. Wieczorek, P. Witaszek and R. Poliszkiewicz, Energy Rep., 9, 106 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2023.05.091
  8. S.A. Al Kiey and M.S. Hasanin, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 28, 66888 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15276-5
  9. Z. Fei, Y. Su, Y. Zha, X. Zhao, Q. Meng, P. Dong and Y. Zhang, Chem. Eng. J., 464, 142534 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.142534
  10. M. Tebyetekerwa, I. Marriam, Z. Xu, S. Yang, H. Zhang, F. Zabihi, R. Jose, S. Peng, M. Zhu and S. Ramakrishna, Energy Environ. Sci., 12, 2148 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1039/C8EE02607F
  11. P. Poizot, J. Gaubicher, S. Renault, L. Dubois, Y. Liang and Y. Yao, Chem. Rev., 120, 6490 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00482
  12. T. Munawar, S. Manzoor, F. Mukhtar, M.S. Nadeem, A.G. Abid, M.N. Ashiq and F. Iqbal, J. Mater. Sci., 57, 11852 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07390-7
  13. M.Z.U. Shah, J. Feng, F. BiBi, M. Sajjad, M.T. Qureshi, A. Shah, M.S. Shah, A.M. Khaled and M.S. Salem, J. Alloys Compd., 1013, 178548 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.178548
  14. N. Cherupurakal, R. Krishnapriya, A. Bojarajan, T. Ramachandran, S. Sangaraju, M.S. Mozumder and A.-H.I. Mourad, Mater. Renew. Sustain. Energy, 13, 361 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1007/s40243-024-00269-4
  15. S. Lou, Y. Zhao, J. Wang, G. Yin, C. Du and X. Sun, Small, 15, 1904740 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201904740
  16. K. Raju, S. Rajendran, T.K.A. Hoang, D. Durgalakshmi, J. Qin, D.E. Diaz-Droguett, F. Gracia and M.A. Gracia-Pinilla, J. Power Sources, 466, 228305 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228305
  17. X. Liu, L. Xu, Y. Huang, C. Qin, L. Qin and H.J. Seo, Ceram. Int., 43, 12372 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.06.103
  18. H. Khan and I.K. Swati, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 55, 6619 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6b01104
  19. S.T. Almutairi, Heliyon, 10, e35400 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35400
  20. M.I. Hossain, F.K. Tareq and S. Rudra, Electrochem. Commun., 176, 107942 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107942
  21. M.R.A. Kumar, B. Abebe, H.P. Nagaswarupa, H.C.A. Murthy, C.R. Ravikumar and F.K. Sabir, Sci. Rep., 10, 1249 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58110-7
  22. Y. Masuda and K. Kato, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn., 117, 373 (2009); https://doi.org/10.2109/jcersj2.117.373
  23. J. Xing, Y.H. Li, H.B. Jiang, Y. Wang and H.G. Yang, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 39, 1237 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.11.041
  24. L. Zhu, Q. Lu, L. Lv, Y. Wang, Y. Hu, Z. Deng, Z. Lou, Y. Hou and F. Teng, RSC Adv., 7, 20084 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA00134G
  25. T. Tong, J. Zhang, B. Tian, F. Chen and D. He, J. Hazard. Mater., 155, 572 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.11.106
  26. I. Ganesh, A.K. Gupta, P.P. Kumar, P.S.C. Sekhar, K. Radha, G. Padmanabham and G. Sundararajan, Scient. World J., 2012, 127326 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1100/2012/127326
  27. A. El Mragui, Y. Logvina, L. Pinto da Silva, O. Zegaoui and J.C.G. Esteves da Silva, Materials, 12, 3874 (2019); https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12233874
  28. A.G. Ilie, M. Scarisoareanu, I. Morjan, E. Dutu, M. Badiceanu and I. Mihailescu, Appl. Surf. Sci., 417, 93 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.01.193
  29. Alamgir, W. Khan, S. Ahmad, M. Mehedi Hassan and A.H. Naqvi, Opt. Mater., 38, 278 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2014.10.054
  30. Y. Zhang, X. Li, Z. Li and F. Yang, J. Energy Storage, 86, 111122 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.111122
  31. J.C. Martins, J.C. de M. Neto, R.R. Passos and L.A. Pocrifka, Solid State Ion., 346, 115198 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2019.115198
  32. S.S. Suranshe, A. Patil, T. Deshmukh and J. Chavhan, Electrochim. Acta, 450, 142277 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142277
  33. E. Krishnakanth, P. Mohan Kumar, P.R. Deepthi, A. Sukhdev and C.S. Ramesh, Ceram. Int., 50, 46548 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.09.007
  34. M. Priyanka, Y.S. Vidya, H.C. Manjunatha, R. Munirathnam, S. Manjunatha, M. Shivanna, S. Kumar and E. Krishnakanth, Mater. Sci. Eng. B, 322, 118503 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118503
  35. K. Chalvan, Y.S. Vidya, H.C. Manjunatha, N. Dhananjaya, R. Munirathnam, S. Manjunatha, M. Shivanna, S. Kumar, E. Krishnakanth, K. Manjunatha and S.Y. Wu, Inorg. Chem. Commun., 164, 112346 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2024.112346
  36. C.I. Priyadharsini, G. Marimuthu, T. Pazhanivel, P.M. Anbarasan, V. Aroulmoji, S. Prabhu and R. Ramesh, Ionics, 26, 3591 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-019-03412-8
  37. S.G. Krishnan, P.S. Archana, B. Vidyadharan, I.I. Misnon, B.L. Vijayan, V.M. Nair, A. Gupta and R. Jose, J. Alloys Compd., 684, 328 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.05.183
  38. S. Sundriyal, M. Sharma, A. Kaur, S. Mishra and A. Deep, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., 29, 12754 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-9393-5
  39. D. Singh, M. Pershaanaa, N.K. Farhana, S. Bashir, K. Ramesh and S. Ramesh, BMC Chem., 18, 196 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-024-01307-y
  40. S. Harini, S.V. Anto Feradrick, R.M. Victor Antony and J. Madhavan, J. Appl. Electrochem., 55, 797 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-024-02200-1
  41. A. Ray, S. Saha, M. Ghosh, S. Roy Chowdhury, T. Maiyalagan, A. Roy, S.K. Bhattacharya and S. Das, Langmuir, 35, 8257 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00955
  42. Z. Qin, Y. Xu, L. Liu, M. Liu, H. Zhou, L. Xiao, Y. Cao and C. Chen, RSC Adv., 12, 29177 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1039/D2RA04939B
  43. J. Wu, F. Yan, Z. Huang, J. Liu, H. Huang, Y. Liang, J. Li, F. Yuan, X. Liang, W. Zhou and J. Guo, J. Energy Storage, 97, 112958 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.112958
  44. C. Veann, W. Limphirat, R. Maensiri and S. Maensiri, J. Energy Storage, 110, 115249 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.115249
Read More
Author biographies is not available.
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 20 Download : 13
PlumX