Copyright (c) 2014 AJC
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Synthesis and Swelling Kinetics of Superabsorbent Rice Straw Cellulose Graft Copolymers
Corresponding Author(s) : Helmiyati
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 26 No. 21 (2014): Vol 26 Issue 21
Abstract
The cellulose superabsorbent of rice straw has been successfully synthesized using acrylic acid, acrylamide monomers as grafting agent and N-N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide as cross link then characterized using FTIR, SEM and DSC. The spectra of FTIR superabsorbent significant differences compared to that of superabsorbent copolymerization of acrylic acid-acrylamide, copolymerization of acrylic acid with acrylamide and rice straws, the differences also supported by SEM images as well as DSC spectra. The swelling capacity of superabsorbent determined in distilled water, the solution of urea, ammonium chloride and potassium di hydrogen phosphate. The swelling capacity was reached in water with up to 895.48 g/g. The swelling capacity had the following a solution of urea > water > potassium di hydrogen phosphate > ammonium chloride, this is supported by the data of rate parameter. Swelling kinetics of rice straw superabsorbent cellulose graft poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) with absorbate, water, urea, potassium di hydrogen phosphate and ammonium chloride fit to the rate law pseudo second-order. This indicates the rate of swelling is proportional to the square concentration of the absorbate.
Keywords
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- C. Spagnol, F.H.A. Rodrigues, A.G.B. Pereira, A.R. Fajardo, A.F. Rubira and E.C. Muniz, Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 2038 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.10.017.
- K. Zhong, Z.T. Lin, X.L. Zheng, G.B. Jiang, Y.S. Fang, X.Y. Mao and Z.W. Liao, Carbohydr. Polym., 92, 1367 (2013); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.10.030.
- S. Pan and A.J. Ragauskas, Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 1410 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.09.031.
- Y. Bao, J. Ma and Y. Sun, Carbohydr. Polym., 88, 589 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.01.003.
- R. Liang, H. Yuan, G. Xi and Q. Zhou, Carbohydr. Polym., 77, 181 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.12.018.
- J. Mohammad, Z. Mehr and K. Kabiri, Iran. Polym. J., 17, 451 (2008).
- Z. Ma, Q. Li, Q. Yue, B. Gao, W. Li, X. Xu and Q. Zhong, Chem. Eng. J., 171, 1209 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.cej.2011.05.027.
- Z.Q. Huang, X.L. Xie, Y. Chen, J.P. Lu, Z.F. Tong and C.R. Chimie, C. R. Chim., 11, 73 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.crci.2007.04.008.
- Y. Zhang, F. Wu, L. Liu and J. Yao, Carbohydr. Polym., 91, 277 (2013); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.041.
- P. Lu and Y.-L. Hsieh, Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 564 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.022.
- F. Wu, Y. Zhang, L. Liu and J. Yao, Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 2519 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.11.028.
- J. Physiol. Sci., 21, 39 (2010).
- W.A. Laftah, S. Hashim and A.N. Ibrahim, Polymer-Plastics Technol. Eng., 50, 1475 (2011); doi:10.1080/03602559.2011.593082.
- S. Zhang, F.-X. Li, J.- Yu and Y.-L. Hsieh, Carbohydr. Polym., 81, 668 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.03.029.
- M.L. Rosa, N. Rehman, M.I.G. de Miranda, S.M.B. Nachtigall and C.I.D. Bica, Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 1131 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.084.
- Y. Zhang, F. Wu, L. Liu and J. Yao, Carbohydr. Polym., 91, 277 (2013); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.041.
- M. Sadeghi, J. Sci. I. A. Univ., 17, 19 (2007).
- O. Okay, Hydrogel Sens. Actuators, Springer Series on Chemical Sensors and Biosensors, 6, 1 (2009); doi:10.1007/978-3-540-75645-3_1.
References
C. Spagnol, F.H.A. Rodrigues, A.G.B. Pereira, A.R. Fajardo, A.F. Rubira and E.C. Muniz, Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 2038 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.10.017.
K. Zhong, Z.T. Lin, X.L. Zheng, G.B. Jiang, Y.S. Fang, X.Y. Mao and Z.W. Liao, Carbohydr. Polym., 92, 1367 (2013); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.10.030.
S. Pan and A.J. Ragauskas, Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 1410 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.09.031.
Y. Bao, J. Ma and Y. Sun, Carbohydr. Polym., 88, 589 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.01.003.
R. Liang, H. Yuan, G. Xi and Q. Zhou, Carbohydr. Polym., 77, 181 (2009); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.12.018.
J. Mohammad, Z. Mehr and K. Kabiri, Iran. Polym. J., 17, 451 (2008).
Z. Ma, Q. Li, Q. Yue, B. Gao, W. Li, X. Xu and Q. Zhong, Chem. Eng. J., 171, 1209 (2011); doi:10.1016/j.cej.2011.05.027.
Z.Q. Huang, X.L. Xie, Y. Chen, J.P. Lu, Z.F. Tong and C.R. Chimie, C. R. Chim., 11, 73 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.crci.2007.04.008.
Y. Zhang, F. Wu, L. Liu and J. Yao, Carbohydr. Polym., 91, 277 (2013); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.041.
P. Lu and Y.-L. Hsieh, Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 564 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.022.
F. Wu, Y. Zhang, L. Liu and J. Yao, Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 2519 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.11.028.
J. Physiol. Sci., 21, 39 (2010).
W.A. Laftah, S. Hashim and A.N. Ibrahim, Polymer-Plastics Technol. Eng., 50, 1475 (2011); doi:10.1080/03602559.2011.593082.
S. Zhang, F.-X. Li, J.- Yu and Y.-L. Hsieh, Carbohydr. Polym., 81, 668 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.03.029.
M.L. Rosa, N. Rehman, M.I.G. de Miranda, S.M.B. Nachtigall and C.I.D. Bica, Carbohydr. Polym., 87, 1131 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.084.
Y. Zhang, F. Wu, L. Liu and J. Yao, Carbohydr. Polym., 91, 277 (2013); doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.041.
M. Sadeghi, J. Sci. I. A. Univ., 17, 19 (2007).
O. Okay, Hydrogel Sens. Actuators, Springer Series on Chemical Sensors and Biosensors, 6, 1 (2009); doi:10.1007/978-3-540-75645-3_1.