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Vol. 37 No. 6 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 6, 2025

Copyright (c) 2025 SHINY MARAPATLA, GIRIJA SASTRY VEDULA

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Novel Isatin-Chalcone Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation for Antimicrobial and Anticancer Applications

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2025.33781
Marapatla Shiny
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5824-0716
Girija Sastry Vedula
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6250-8473

Corresponding Author(s) : Marapatla Shiny

marapatlashinyphd@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 37 No. 6 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 6, 2025

Abstract

A series of novel isatin-chalcone hybrids (IA-IM) were synthesized via a microwave-assisted method and evaluated for their antimicrobial, antifungal, antitubercular and anticancer activities. The compounds were characterized using spectroscopic techniques and screened for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger, antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and cytotoxicity against breast (MCF-7) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. Compounds IK (4-NH2), IF (2-Cl) and IL (2-F) exhibited potent antibacterial activity, with zones of inhibition (ZOI) comparable to or exceeding amikacin at higher concentrations. Against fungal strains, IM (4-NO2), IK (4-NH2) and IL (2-F) demonstrated significant activity, approaching the efficacy of fluconazole. In antitubercular assays, compounds ID (2-F), IE (3,4-OCH3), IF (2-Cl) and IG (4-Cl) showed sensitivity at 12.5-25 µg/mL. Anticancer evaluations revealed that compounds IH (4-Br), IK (4-NH2) and IE (3,4-OCH3) were highly potent against MCF-7 and HeLa cells, with IC50 values as low as 6.53 ± 1.12 µM, while sparing normal HEK-293 cells. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies highlighted the importance of electron-donating groups (e.g. -NH2, -OCH3) and halogen substitutions (e.g. -Cl, -Br) in enhancing biological activity. These findings demonstrate the potential of isatin-chalcone hybrids as multi-functional therapeutic agents, providing a foundation for further optimization and development.

Keywords

Isatin Chalcone Antibacterial Antifungal Anti-tubercular Anticancer
(1)
Shiny, M.; Vedula, G. S. Novel Isatin-Chalcone Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation for Antimicrobial and Anticancer Applications. ajc 2025, 37, 1449-1457.
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