Copyright (c) 2025 Jayadevappa HP, Sonakshi H S, Arpitha M K, vidyashree K M
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Study of Catalytic Potency of Green Synthesized AgO Nanoparticles in the Degradation of Oxcarbazepine by Chloramine-T in Acidic Aqueous Medium
Corresponding Author(s) : H.P. Jayadevappa
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 37 No. 2 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 2, 2025
Abstract
The current paper deals with the green synthesis of AgO nanoparticle by sol-gel method and their characterization. Kinetic, mechanistic and thermodynamic studies of AgO nanoparticles catalyzed and uncatalyzed oxidation of oxcarbazepine (OXC) by chloramine-T (CAT) in acidic aqueous medium at 298 K . The stoichiometric parameters of reaction were determined, enabling the identification of the oxidation products for both uncatalyzed and nanoparticle AgO catalyzed reactions. The determined reaction rate exhibited first order dependence on [oxidant] for uncatalyzed reaction whereas non-integer order dependance on nanoparticle catalyzed reaction. The course of reaction shows non-integer order dependance was found on both [OXC] and [H+]. Further rates of reactions were almost unaffected by the products of reaction. A minor inhibitory impact of the dielectric constant was observed for both AgO nanoparticle-catalyzed and uncatalyzed reactions. The reaction rate remained invariant with changes in ionic strength, suggesting the participation of non-ionic species in the rate-determining step. Free radical intermediates were not detected during the course of the reaction. A series of kinetic runs were performed at various temperatures (298-313 K) to evaluate thermodynamic parameters. The experimental data were used to develop a mechanism consistent model, from which the rate laws were derived.
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- L.M. Bang and K. Goa, Paediatr. Drugs, 5, 557 (2003); https://doi.org/10.2165/00148581-200305080-00006
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- G.L.S. Ferreira, P.L. Rosalen, L.R. Peixoto, A.L.A. de Lima Pérez, F.G. de Carvalho Carlo, L.R.C. Castellano, J.M. de Lima, I.A. Freires, E. de Oliveira Lima and R.D. de Castro, Molecules, 22, 1527 (2017); https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22091527
- N. Rajendraprasad, K. Basavaiah and K.B. Vinay, Int. J. Anal. Chem., 2011, 138628 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/138628
- S. Malke, S. Shidhaye and V.J. Kadam, Indian J. Pharm. Sci., 69, 211 (2007); https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.33145
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- K.M. Meenakshi and K. Vasant Kumar Pai, E-J. Chem., 6, 545 (2009).
- H.P. Jayadevappa and G. Nagendrappa, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 3, 3 (2013).
- R. Ramachandrappa, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2, 10 (2012).
- A. Sukhdev, A.S. Manjunatha and P. Puttaswamy, J. Int. Scholarly Res. Notices, 1, 2013 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/738932
- Vidyasagar, R.R. Patel, S.K. Singh and M. Singh, Mater. Adv., 4, 1831 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1039/D2MA01105K
- V. Dhand, L. Soumya, S. Bharadwaj, S. Chakra, S. Bhatt and B. Sreedhar, Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 58, 36 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2015.08.018
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- F.F. Hardy and J.P. Johnston, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 742 (1973); https://doi.org/10.1039/p29730000742
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- A. Sukhdev and P. Puttaswamy, J. Springer Plus, 2, 30 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2-30
- 28 D.K. Wolgemuth, S.D. Elmore, J.D. Cope, P.E. Sheridan, S.L. Stokes and J.P. Emerson, Catal. Commun., 150, 106275 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catcom.2020.106275
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References
L.M. Bang and K. Goa, Paediatr. Drugs, 5, 557 (2003); https://doi.org/10.2165/00148581-200305080-00006
S.J. Phelps and J.W. Wheless, J. Pediatr. Pharmacol. Ther., 10, 248 (2005); https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-10.4.248
M. Zhou, N. Chen, L. He, M. Yang, C. Zhu and F. Wu, Cochrane Libr., 2017, CDD07963 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007963.pub3
C.-W. Huang, C.-C. Huang, M.-W. Lin, J.-J. Tsai and S.-N. Wu, Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol., 11, 597 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1017/S1461145707008346
M.M. Kalis, Clin. Ther., 23, 680 (2001); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2918(01)80019-9
A. Musenga, M.A. Saracino, G. Sani and M. Raggi, Curr. Med. Chem., 16, 1463 (2009); https://doi.org/10.2174/092986709787909604
M.L. Chivers, M.C. Seto, M.L. Lalumière, E. Laan and T. Grimbos, Arch. Sex. Behav., 39, 5 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-009-9556-9
B.F. Bourgeois, Epilepsia, 41, 1057 (2000); https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.2000.tb00297.x
D. Carrozzino, D. Marchetti, D. Laino, M. Minna, M.C. Verrocchio, M. Fulcheri, A. Verrotti and P. Bech, Nord. J. Psychiatry, 70, 424 (2016); https://doi.org/10.3109/08039488.2016.1143029
E. Kolvari, A. Ghorbani-Choghamarani, P. Salehi, F. Shirini and M.A. Zolfigol, J. Iran. Chem. Soc., 4, 126 (2007).
M.M. Campbell and G. Johnson, Chem. Rev., 78, 65 (1978); https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60311a005
D.S. Mahadevappa, K.S. Rangappa, B.T. Gowda and N.M.M. Gowda, Microchem. J., 26, 132 (1981); https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-265X(81)90019-9
P. T. Sowmya, K.M. Lokanatha Rai, A. Sudhir and S.Y. Kotian, Aust. J. Chem., 74, 689 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1071/CH21089
G.L.S. Ferreira, P.L. Rosalen, L.R. Peixoto, A.L.A. de Lima Pérez, F.G. de Carvalho Carlo, L.R.C. Castellano, J.M. de Lima, I.A. Freires, E. de Oliveira Lima and R.D. de Castro, Molecules, 22, 1527 (2017); https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22091527
N. Rajendraprasad, K. Basavaiah and K.B. Vinay, Int. J. Anal. Chem., 2011, 138628 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/138628
S. Malke, S. Shidhaye and V.J. Kadam, Indian J. Pharm. Sci., 69, 211 (2007); https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.33145
E. Kolvari, A. Ghorbani-Choghamarani, P. Salehi, F. Shirini and M.A. Zolfigol, J. Iran Chem. Soc., 4, 126 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03245963
D.S. Mahadevappa, S. Ananda, A.S. Murthy and K.S. Rangappa, Tetrahedron, 40, 1673 (1984); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)91116-0
K.M. Meenakshi and K. Vasant Kumar Pai, E-J. Chem., 6, 545 (2009).
H.P. Jayadevappa and G. Nagendrappa, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 3, 3 (2013).
R. Ramachandrappa, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2, 10 (2012).
A. Sukhdev, A.S. Manjunatha and P. Puttaswamy, J. Int. Scholarly Res. Notices, 1, 2013 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/738932
Vidyasagar, R.R. Patel, S.K. Singh and M. Singh, Mater. Adv., 4, 1831 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1039/D2MA01105K
V. Dhand, L. Soumya, S. Bharadwaj, S. Chakra, S. Bhatt and B. Sreedhar, Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 58, 36 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2015.08.018
F. Feig and V. Anger, Spot Test in Organic Analysis, Elsevier: Amsterdam, edn. 7, p. 376 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1016/C2009-0-07233-X
P. Iyengar and R. Ramachandrappa, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2, 7 (2012).
J.C. Morris, J.A. Salazar and M.A. Wineman, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 70, 2036 (1948); https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01186a016
E. Bishop and V.J. Jennings, Talanta, 1, 197 (1958); https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(58)80034-X
F.F. Hardy and J.P. Johnston, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 742 (1973); https://doi.org/10.1039/p29730000742
B.G. Pryde and F.G. Soper, J. Chem. Soc., 1514 (1931); https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9310001514
A. Sukhdev and P. Puttaswamy, J. Springer Plus, 2, 30 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2-30
28 D.K. Wolgemuth, S.D. Elmore, J.D. Cope, P.E. Sheridan, S.L. Stokes and J.P. Emerson, Catal. Commun., 150, 106275 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catcom.2020.106275
E.S. Amis, Solvent Effects on Reaction Rates and Mechanism, Academic Press: New York, p. 1672 (2007).
K.J. Laidler, Chemical Kinetics, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, edn. 3, p. 544 (2003).
J.H. Fagerberg, Y. Al-Tikriti, G. Ragnarsson and C.A.S. Bergström, Mol. Pharmaceutics, 7, 1942 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1021/mp2006467