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Vol. 35 No. 8 (2023): Vol 35 Issue 8, 2023

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Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of New Benzamidine Derivatives: Antibiotics for Periimplantitis Causing Pathogen

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.28022
A. Jain
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0669-8425
M.A. Sa'ad
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia Centre of Excellence for Vaccine Development (CoEVD), Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1672-7358
S. Ugrappa
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
R. Kavitha
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4844-4643
D. Jagadeesan
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4254-0840
Y.S. Wu
Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research & Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-8049
P. Lalitha
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9319-4675
M. Ravichandran
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia Centre of Excellence for Vaccine Development (CoEVD), Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5321-1344
S.N.F.M. Noor
Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
S. Fuloria
Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5381-5655
N.K. Fuloria
Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-5212

Corresponding Author(s) : N.K. Fuloria

neerajkumar@aimst.edu.my

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 35 No. 8 (2023): Vol 35 Issue 8, 2023

Abstract

Periimplantitis (PI) is complex polymicrobial disease, which destroys implant-supporting tissue. Although facts suggest several synthetic inhibitors of periimplantitis causing bacteria (PCB), but the undesirable side effects of them limits their application. Hence, current investigation was intended to carry out the synthesis, characterization, in vitro antimicrobial evaluation and cytotoxicity (cell viability) analysis of new benzamidine derivatives (NBDs) against periimplantitis causing bacteria. Present study involved synthesis of 2-(4-((4-substituted)carbamothioyl)phenoxy)-N-(4-substituted benzylidene)acetohydrazide (4a-c) by treatment of different aromatic aldehydes with 2-(4-carbamothioylphenoxy)acetohydrazide (3), that was obtained by hydrazination of ethyl 2-(4-carbamothioylphenoxy)acetate (2), the derivative of 4-hydroxybenzothioamide (1). The synthesized compounds (NBDs) were subjected to FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectrometric characterization. All NBDs were further investigated for their antimicrobial potential (MIC and MBC) against P. gingivalis the PCB, using micro-broth dilution method. The NBDs were also tested for their cytotoxicity (cell viability) against HEK 293 cells using MTT assay. The present study successfully synthesized and elucidated the structures of the synthesized NBDs. The NBDs when tested against P. gingivalis exhibited MIC ranging between 62.5-500 μg/mL, whereas NBDs 4a and 4b exhibited MBC of 125 and 62.5 μg/mL respectively. Also, all NBDs exhibited weak cytotoxicity (cell viability more than 80%) against HEK 293 at 7.81 μg/mL. The significant antimicrobial activity of NBDs and higher cell viability (safety) against P. gingivalis supports their potential application in periimplantitis treatment, however these NBDs must be further investigated for the additional in vivo and clinical studies.

Keywords

Periimplantitis Benzamidine P. gingivalis Cytotoxicity Hydrazide Ester Imines
Jain, A., Sa’ad, M., Ugrappa, S., Kavitha, R., Jagadeesan, D., Wu, Y., … Fuloria, N. (2023). Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of New Benzamidine Derivatives: Antibiotics for Periimplantitis Causing Pathogen. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 35(8), 1927–1931. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.28022
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