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Thermal, Mechanical and Swelling Studies of Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Composed of Natural Rubber and Polyacrylamide
Corresponding Author(s) : A. Mohanan
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 35 No. 4 (2023): Vol 35 Issue 4, 2023
Abstract
Semi-interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) composed of two polymers, namely natural rubber (NR) and polyacrylamide (PAAm) were prepared by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. The NR/PAAm semi-IPN films were developed by varying the concentration of crosslinking agents and the polymer blend ratios. The impact of preparation parameters on the mechanical properties was studied. The semi-IPN was characterized by FTIR, DTG, TG and SEM. Swelling studies were done by using toluene as solvent. The kinetics and mechanism of swelling were investigated and the initial rate of swelling, swelling constant, swelling exponent, equilibrium swelling and diffusion coefficient were also determined.
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- L.H. Sperling, J. Polym. Sci. Macromol. Rev., 12, 141 (1977); https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.230120103
- S. Goswami and J.K. Ranjan, Fibers Polym., 21, 1096 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-020-9338-5
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- E. Karadag, O.B. Uzum, D. Saraydin and O. Güven, Int. J. Pharm., 301, 102 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.05.026
References
L.H. Sperling, J. Polym. Sci. Macromol. Rev., 12, 141 (1977); https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.230120103
S. Goswami and J.K. Ranjan, Fibers Polym., 21, 1096 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-020-9338-5
Y. Nie, G. Huang, L. Qu, P. Zhang, G. Weng and J. Wu, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 115, 99 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1002/app.31045
A. Mathew, J. Membr. Sci., 201, 213 (2002); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00738-4
N.C. Liu and W.E. Baker, Adv. Polym. Technol., 11, 249 (1992); https://doi.org/10.1002/adv.1992.060110403
J. Johns and V. Rao, Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact., 13, 280 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1080/10236660802190104
C.-J. Tung and T.-C.J. Hsu, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 46, 1759 (1992); https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070461007
A.A. Donatelli, L.H. Sperling and D.A. Thomas, Macromolecules, 9, 671 (1976); https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60052a029
S.S. Bird, D. Clary, K.C. Jajam, H.V. Tippur and M.L. Auad, Polym. Eng. Sci., 53, 716 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.23305
V.J. Dave and H.S. Patel, J. Saudi Chem. Soc., 21, 18 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2013.08.001
K. Dean, W.D. Cook, M.D. Zipper and P. Burchill, Polymer, 42, 1345 (2001); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00486-9
W. Wichaita, D. Promlok, N. Sudjaipraparat, S. Sripraphot, T. Suteewong and P. Tangboriboonrat, Eur. Polym. J., 159, 110740 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110740
K. Simma, G.L. Rempel and P. Prasassarakich, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 94, 1914 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.08.005
A.P. Mathew, S. Packirisamy and S. Thomas, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 72, 423 (2001); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(01)00042-8
J. Han, K. Lu, Y. Yue, C. Mei, C. Huang, Q. Wu and X. Xu, Ind. Crops Prod., 128, 94 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.11.004
J. Johns and V. Rao, Int. J. Polym. Mater., 60, 766 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1080/00914037.2010.551361
A. Andrio, V. Compañ, R.C. Reis-Nunes, M.L. López and E. Riande, J. Membr. Sci., 178, 65 (2000); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00476-2
H. Ismail and Suryadiansyah, J. Polym. Test., 21, 389 (2002); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9418(01)00101-5
S. Mohanty, G.B. Nando, K. Vijayan and N.R. Neelakanthan, Polymer, 37, 5387 (1996); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(96)00391-6
N.R. Choudhury, T.K. Chaki, A. Dutta and A.K. Bhowmick, Polymer, 30, 2047 (1989); https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(89)90292-9
R. Asaletha, M.G. Kumaran and S. Thomas, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 61, 431 (1998); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(97)00229-2
T. Tanaka, J. Phys. Rev. Lett., 40, 820 (1978); https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.40.820
R. Promsung, Y. Nakaramontri, N. Uthaipan, C. Kummerloewe, J. Johns, N. Vennemann and E. Kalkornsurapranee, Express Polym. Lett., 15, 308 (2021); https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2021.27
H. Dweik, W. Sultan, M. Sowwan and S. Makharza, Int. J. Polym. Mater., 57, 228 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1080/00914030701413280
W.M. Leung, D.E. Axelson and J.D. Van Dyke, J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem., 25, 1825 (1987); https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250711
J.J. Maurer, D.N. Schulz, D.B. Siano and J. Bock, eds.: In: J.F. Johnson and P.S. Gill,, Thermal Analysis of Acrylamide-Based Polymers, Analytical Calorimetry, Springer: Boston, USA (1984).
F. Riahi, D. Benachour and A. Douibi, Int. J. Polym. Mater., 53, 143 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1080/00914030490267564
A. Thitithammawong, C. Nakason, K. Sahakaro and J. Noordermeer, Polym. Test., 26, 537 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2007.02.002
J. Johns and C. Nakason, Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng., 51, 1046 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2012.689053
M. Schneider, T. Pith and M. Lambla, Polym. Adv. Technol., 6, 326 (1995); https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.1995.220060511
M. Sen and O. Guven, Eur. Polym. J., 38, 751 (2002); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-3057(01)00240-3
E. Karadag, O.B. Uzum, D. Saraydin and O. Güven, Int. J. Pharm., 301, 102 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.05.026