Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Chitrarasu Manikandan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Optical, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Creatininium 5-Sulphosalicylate Organic Crystal for Optical Limiting Applications
Corresponding Author(s) : C. Amirtha Kumar
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 38 No. 4 (2026): Vol 38 Issue 4, 2026
Abstract
A novel organic nonlinear optical single crystal of creatininium 5-sulphosalicylate (C5SS) was grown by slow evaporation. From FTIR analysis, the presence of various vibrational modes and functional groups in the synthesised material was confirmed. The thermal stability of grown crystal was analysed by TG-DSC analysis. UV-visible transmittance studies showed the transparency region, cut-off wavelength and band gap of the grown crystal. Laser tolerance of the grown crystal was estimated to be 5.23 GW cm–2. Microhardness studies were also performed on C5SS single crystal to reveal its mechanical properties. A Z-scan technique was employed to evaluate the nonlinear absorption coefficient, nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear optical susceptibility. The optical limiting behaviour of C5SS was observed at 28.14 mW input power.
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- Y. Yang, X. Zhang, Z. Hu and Y. Wu, Crystals, 13, 144 (2023); https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13010144
- Y. Kang and Q. Wu, Coord. Chem. Rev., 498, 215458 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215458
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- R.M. Silverstine and F.X. Webster, Spectrometric identification of organic compounds, John Wily and Sons Publishers, Singapore (2004).
- J. Tauc, R. Grigorovici and A. Vancu, Phys. Status Solidi, B Basic Res., 15, 627 (1966); https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.19660150224
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- E.M. Onitsch, Mikroskopia, 2, 131 (1947).
- A. Subashini, R. Kumaravel, S. Leela, H.S. Evans, D. Sastikumar and K. Ramamurthi, Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., 78, 935 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2010.11.041
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References
Y. Yang, X. Zhang, Z. Hu and Y. Wu, Crystals, 13, 144 (2023); https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13010144
Y. Kang and Q. Wu, Coord. Chem. Rev., 498, 215458 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215458
S. Nath, A. Puthukkudi, J. Mohapatra and B.P. Biswal, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 62, e202218974 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202218974
M. Mehkoom, A. Ali, M.J. Alam, F. Ali, S.M. Afzal and S. Ahmad, J. Mol. Struct., 1278, 134921 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.134921
J. Wei, J. Yang, Y. Li and Y. Song, Spectrochim. Acta A, Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., 280, 121539 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2022.121539
K. Seethalakshmi and A. Muthuraja, Integr. Ferroelectr., (2026); https://doi.org/10.1080/10584587.2025.2605118
P.N. Prasad and D.J. Williams, Introduction to nonlinear optical effects in molecules and Polymers, Wiley, New York, pp. 120-131 (1991).
M. Samoc, A. Samoc, B. Luther-Davies, M.G. Humphrey and M.-S. Wong, Opt. Mater., 21, 485 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-3467(02)00187-8
L.V. Natarajan, R.L. Sutherland, V.P. Tondiglia, T.J. Bunning and W.W. Adams, J. Nonlinear Opt. Phys. Mater., 5, 89 (1996); https://doi.org/10.1142/S021886359600009X
A.S. Haja Hameed, P. Anandan, R. Jayavel, P. Ramasamy and G. Ravi, J. Cryst. Growth, 249, 316 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(02)01978-4
J.F. Ma, J. Yang, L. Li, G.L. Zheng and J.F. Liu, Inorg. Chem. Commun., 6, 581 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-7003(03)00044-3
R. Thirumurugan, B. Babu, K. Anitha and J. Chandrasekaran, J. Mol. Struct., 1149, 48 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.07.095
R. Thirumurugan and K. Anitha, AIP Conf. Proc., 1665, 100022 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4918050
R. Thirumurugan and K. Anitha, J. Mol. Struct., 1146, 273 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.05.143
A. Malarkodi, S. Kalaiyarasi, K.S.J. Wilson, R.M. Kumar and G. Chakkaravarthi., IUCrdata, 2, x171595 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314617015954
R.M. Silverstine and F.X. Webster, Spectrometric identification of organic compounds, John Wily and Sons Publishers, Singapore (2004).
J. Tauc, R. Grigorovici and A. Vancu, Phys. Status Solidi, B Basic Res., 15, 627 (1966); https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.19660150224
N. Vijayan, G. Bhagavannarayana, R. Ramesh Babu, R. Gopalakrishnan, K.K. Maurya and P. Ramasamy, Cryst. Growth Des., 6, 1542 (2006); https://doi.org/10.1021/cg060002g
E.M. Onitsch, Mikroskopia, 2, 131 (1947).
A. Subashini, R. Kumaravel, S. Leela, H.S. Evans, D. Sastikumar and K. Ramamurthi, Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., 78, 935 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2010.11.041
T.C. Sabari Girisun, S. Dhanuskodi, D. Mangalaraj and J. Phillip, Curr. Appl. Phys., 11, 838 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2010.12.004
N. Sudharsana, B. Keerthana, R. Nagalakshmi, V. Krishnakumar and L. Guru Prasad, Mater. Chem. Phys., 134, 736 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2012.03.062
A. Vijayalakshmi, B. Vidyavathy and G. Vinitha, J. Cryst. Growth, 448, 82 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2016.05.002
