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Vol. 34 No. 3 (2022): Vol 34 Issue 3, 2022

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A Thiomidazolylborate based Carbon Paste Electrode for Voltametric Detection of Heavy Metals in Wastewater

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.23580
Gaber A.M. Mersal
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Hamdy S. El-Sheshtawy
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
Ahmed M. Fallatah
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Rabah Boukherroub
Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN, F 59000 Lille, France
Mohammed A. Amin
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Dalia I. Saleh
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed M. Ibrahim
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia

Corresponding Author(s) : Gaber A.M. Mersal

gamersal@yahoo.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 34 No. 3 (2022): Vol 34 Issue 3, 2022

Abstract

The ligand potassium hydrotris(N-(2,6-xylyl)-2-thioimidazolyl)borate (KTtxylyl) was utilized to construct a carbon paste modified electrode (KTtxylyl/CPE), which was studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry (SWV). Its electrochemical response was investigated, and it demonstrated a significant improvement in the detection of both lead(II) and cadmium(II), allowing determination of lead(II) at trace concentrations. The spectroscopic evidence includes FT-IR, Raman, 1H NMR and also DFT calculations using B3LYP/LANL2DZ level of theory indicate the high affinities of these ions toward the ligand forming lead(II) and cadmium complexes of the type [TtxylylMCl]. Negative electrostatic potential of the tri(thione) donors deriving their binding abilities toward both ions. The detection limits based on 3(SD/m) were; 0.112 μM and 0.204 μM for lead(II) and cadmium(II), respectively. The simultaneous detection of these ions in several waste water samples was examined in order to verify the modified electrode. Data from the ICP-AES instrument was compared to the results obtained.

Keywords

Thioimidazolylborate Modified CPE Wastewater Cyclic voltammetry DFT calculations
A.M. Mersal, G., S. El-Sheshtawy, H., M. Fallatah, A., Boukherroub, R., A. Amin, M., I. Saleh, D., & M. Ibrahim, M. (2022). A Thiomidazolylborate based Carbon Paste Electrode for Voltametric Detection of Heavy Metals in Wastewater. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 34(3), 635–643. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.23580
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