Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Study of New Diaryl Sulphide  Phenylenediamine Sulphonamide Hybrids as Antibacterial Agents

B.N. Aishwarya; P. Suresh Yadav; S. Nanjunda Swamy; K. Vamsi; D.M. Manjunath; A.M. Uttam; C. Sudharani; M. Subhosh Chandra; B.S. Priya

doi:10.14233/ajchem.2026.34898

Issue

Vol. 38 No. 2 (2026): Vol 38 Issue 2, 2026

Issue Published : 31 January 2026

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Study of New Diaryl Sulphide Phenylenediamine Sulphonamide Hybrids as Antibacterial Agents

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2026.34898

B.N. Aishwarya

Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570006, India

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3403-506X

P. Suresh Yadav

Department of Microbiology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa-516005, India

https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1112-8276

S. Nanjunda Swamy

Department of Biotechnology, JSS Science and Technology University, Mysore-570006, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5494-9428

K. Vamsi

Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Tirupati-517619, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7634-5991

D.M. Manjunath

Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli-500046, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4527-2646

A.M. Uttam

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College, Kim, Surat-394110, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0436-8630

C. Sudharani

Department of Chemistry, Government Degree College, Panyam, Nandyal-518112, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2713-7026

M. Subhosh Chandra

Department of Microbiology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa-516005, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-877X

B.S. Priya

Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570006, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3751-3435

Corresponding Author(s) : B.S. Priya

priyabs_chem@yahoo.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 38 No. 2 (2026): Vol 38 Issue 2, 2026
Article Published : 31 January 2026

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing worldwide threat, exacerbated by the overuse or misuse of antibiotics, particularly in regions like India. To address this, a series of new diaryl sulphide phenylenediamine sulphonamide hybrids (9a-j) is we synthesised and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Corynebacterium (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative). Among these, compound 9i (4-nitro) showed the most potent antibacterial effects, surpassing streptomycin at all concentrations. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies revealed that electron-withdrawing groups, particularly nitro and halogens, enhanced the activity, with para-substitution being most effective. Molecular docking studies confirmed that compound 9i exhibited strong binding to bacterial DNA gyrase, supporting its potential as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. These findings highlight the importance of strategic substitutions in developing effective antibiotics to combat AMR.

Keywords

Antibacterial efficacy Diaryl sulphide Amide Sulphonamide DNA gyrA

(1)

Aishwarya, B.; Yadav, P. S.; Swamy, S. N.; Vamsi, K.; Manjunath, D.; Uttam, A.; Sudharani, C.; Chandra, M. S.; Priya, B. Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Study of New Diaryl Sulphide Phenylenediamine Sulphonamide Hybrids As Antibacterial Agents. ajc 2026, 38, 452-462.

Download Citation

References

W.Y. Belay, M. Getachew, B.A. Tegegne, Z.H. Teffera, A. Dagne, T.K. Zeleke, S.A. Wondm, R.B. Abebe, A.A. Gedif, A. Fenta, G. Yirdaw, A. Tilahun and Y. Aschale, Ther. Adv. Infect. Dis., 12, 20499361251340144 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361251340144
K. Malarvizhi, D. Ramyadevi, B.N. Vedha Hari, H.B. Sarveswari, A.P. Solomon, H. Fang, R.H. Luo and Y.T. Zheng, Sci. Rep., 13, 16706 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43103-z
C.L. Ventola, Pharm. Therap., 40, 277 (2015); https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25859123/
M.E.A. de Kraker, A.J. Stewardson and S. Harbarth, PLoS Med., 13, e1002184 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002184
S.F. Koya, S. Ganesh, S. Selvaraj, V.J. Wirtz, S. Galea and P.C. Rockers, Lancet Reg. Health Southeast Asia, 4, 100025 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100025
Indian Council of Medical Research. Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Surveillance Network (2021).
J. Ranjalkar and S.J. Chandy, J. Family Med. Prim. Care, 8, 1828 (2019); https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_275_19
T. Qadir, A. Amin, P.K. Sharma, I. Jeelani and H. Abe, The Open Med. Chem. J., 16, 1 (2022); https://doi.org/10.2174/18741045-v16-e2202280
R.R. Bhandare, C. S.Munikrishnappa, G.V. Suresh Kumar, S.K. Konidala, D.K. Sigalapalli, Y. Vaishnav, S. Chinnam, H. Yasin, A.A. Al-karmalawy and A.B. Shaik, J. Saudi Chem. Soc., 26, 1 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101447
H. Liu, T. Fujiwara, T. Nishikawa, Y. Mishima, H. Nagai, T. Shida, K. Tachibana, H. Kobayashi, R.E. Mangindaan and M. Namikoshi, Tetrahedron, 61, 8611 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2005.07.002
T. Nakazawa, J. Xu, T. Nishikawa, T. Oda, A. Fujita, K. Ukai, R.E. Mangindaan, H. Rotinsulu, H. Kobayashi and M. Namikoshi, J. Nat. Prod., 70, 439 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1021/np060593c
K.L. Dunbar, D.H. Scharf, A. Litomska and C. Hertweck, Chem. Rev., 117, 5521 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00697
H. Iino, T. Usui and J. Hanna, Nat. Commun., 6, 6828 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7828
E. Block, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 31, 1135 (1992); https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199211351
J.K. Park and S. Lee, J. Org. Chem., 86, 13790 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.1c01657
B.P. Chekal, S.M. Guinness, B.M. Lillie, R.W. McLaughlin, C.W. Palmer, R.J. Post, J.E. Sieser, R.A. Singer, G.W. Sluggett, R. Vaidyanathan and G.J. Withbroe, Org. Process Res. Dev., 18, 266 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1021/op400088k
M. Feng, B. Tang, S. H. Liang and X. Jiang, Curr. Top. Med. Chem., 16, 1200 (2016); https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150915111741
K.R. Connolly and M.E. Thase, Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 17, 421 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.2016.1133588
A.M. Fahim, J. Mol. Struct., 1277, 134871 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134871
A.M. Fahim, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 101, 101211 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jics.2024.101211
B.N. Aishwarya, M.S. Chandra, D.M. Manjunath, S. Nanjunda Swamy, V. Katta, U. A. More, B. Ramakrishna, P.S. Yadav and P.B. Shubha, Rasayan J. Chem., 17, 972 (2024); https://doi.org/10.31788/RJC.2024.1738841
K. Sajitha, V.V.P.C. Narayana, V.B. Yesu, D.M. Manjunath, P.S. Yadav, K. Vamsi, D.S. Babu, V. Murali, A.M. Uttam, A. Anitha, J.B. Prasad, M.C. Subhash, D. Srinivasulu and N.V.V. Jyothi, Asian J. Chem., 37, 166 (2024); https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2025.32973
B.Y. Valaparla, Y.R. Kandrakonda, S. Kethineni, V. Katta, S.B. Donka, M.D. Meti, U.A. More, A.G. Damu and S. Doddaga, Asian J. Chem., 37, 1049 (2025); https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2025.33493
E. van Eijk, B. Wittekoek, E.J. Kuijper and W.K. Smits, J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 72, 1275 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkw548
Y.C. Tse-Dinh, Infect. Disord. Drug Targets, 7, 3 (2007); https://doi.org/10.2174/187152607780090748
R.K. Thalji, K. Raha, D. Andreotti, A. Checchia, H. Cui, G. Meneghelli, R. Profeta, F. Tonelli, S. Tommasi, T. Bakshi, B.T. Donovan, A. Howells, S. Jain, C. Nixon, G. Quinque, L. McCloskey, B.D. Bax, M. Neu, P.F. Chan and R.A. Stavenger, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 29, 1407 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.029
T. Khan, K. Sankhe, V. Suvarna, A. Sherje, K. Patel and B. Dravyakar, Biomed. Pharmacother., 103, 923 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.021

References

W.Y. Belay, M. Getachew, B.A. Tegegne, Z.H. Teffera, A. Dagne, T.K. Zeleke, S.A. Wondm, R.B. Abebe, A.A. Gedif, A. Fenta, G. Yirdaw, A. Tilahun and Y. Aschale, Ther. Adv. Infect. Dis., 12, 20499361251340144 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361251340144

K. Malarvizhi, D. Ramyadevi, B.N. Vedha Hari, H.B. Sarveswari, A.P. Solomon, H. Fang, R.H. Luo and Y.T. Zheng, Sci. Rep., 13, 16706 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43103-z

C.L. Ventola, Pharm. Therap., 40, 277 (2015); https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25859123/

M.E.A. de Kraker, A.J. Stewardson and S. Harbarth, PLoS Med., 13, e1002184 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002184

S.F. Koya, S. Ganesh, S. Selvaraj, V.J. Wirtz, S. Galea and P.C. Rockers, Lancet Reg. Health Southeast Asia, 4, 100025 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100025

Indian Council of Medical Research. Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Surveillance Network (2021).

J. Ranjalkar and S.J. Chandy, J. Family Med. Prim. Care, 8, 1828 (2019); https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_275_19

T. Qadir, A. Amin, P.K. Sharma, I. Jeelani and H. Abe, The Open Med. Chem. J., 16, 1 (2022); https://doi.org/10.2174/18741045-v16-e2202280

R.R. Bhandare, C. S.Munikrishnappa, G.V. Suresh Kumar, S.K. Konidala, D.K. Sigalapalli, Y. Vaishnav, S. Chinnam, H. Yasin, A.A. Al-karmalawy and A.B. Shaik, J. Saudi Chem. Soc., 26, 1 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101447

H. Liu, T. Fujiwara, T. Nishikawa, Y. Mishima, H. Nagai, T. Shida, K. Tachibana, H. Kobayashi, R.E. Mangindaan and M. Namikoshi, Tetrahedron, 61, 8611 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2005.07.002

T. Nakazawa, J. Xu, T. Nishikawa, T. Oda, A. Fujita, K. Ukai, R.E. Mangindaan, H. Rotinsulu, H. Kobayashi and M. Namikoshi, J. Nat. Prod., 70, 439 (2007); https://doi.org/10.1021/np060593c

K.L. Dunbar, D.H. Scharf, A. Litomska and C. Hertweck, Chem. Rev., 117, 5521 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00697

H. Iino, T. Usui and J. Hanna, Nat. Commun., 6, 6828 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7828

E. Block, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 31, 1135 (1992); https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199211351

J.K. Park and S. Lee, J. Org. Chem., 86, 13790 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.1c01657

B.P. Chekal, S.M. Guinness, B.M. Lillie, R.W. McLaughlin, C.W. Palmer, R.J. Post, J.E. Sieser, R.A. Singer, G.W. Sluggett, R. Vaidyanathan and G.J. Withbroe, Org. Process Res. Dev., 18, 266 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1021/op400088k

M. Feng, B. Tang, S. H. Liang and X. Jiang, Curr. Top. Med. Chem., 16, 1200 (2016); https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150915111741

K.R. Connolly and M.E. Thase, Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 17, 421 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.2016.1133588

A.M. Fahim, J. Mol. Struct., 1277, 134871 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134871

A.M. Fahim, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 101, 101211 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jics.2024.101211

B.N. Aishwarya, M.S. Chandra, D.M. Manjunath, S. Nanjunda Swamy, V. Katta, U. A. More, B. Ramakrishna, P.S. Yadav and P.B. Shubha, Rasayan J. Chem., 17, 972 (2024); https://doi.org/10.31788/RJC.2024.1738841

K. Sajitha, V.V.P.C. Narayana, V.B. Yesu, D.M. Manjunath, P.S. Yadav, K. Vamsi, D.S. Babu, V. Murali, A.M. Uttam, A. Anitha, J.B. Prasad, M.C. Subhash, D. Srinivasulu and N.V.V. Jyothi, Asian J. Chem., 37, 166 (2024); https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2025.32973

B.Y. Valaparla, Y.R. Kandrakonda, S. Kethineni, V. Katta, S.B. Donka, M.D. Meti, U.A. More, A.G. Damu and S. Doddaga, Asian J. Chem., 37, 1049 (2025); https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2025.33493

E. van Eijk, B. Wittekoek, E.J. Kuijper and W.K. Smits, J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 72, 1275 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkw548

Y.C. Tse-Dinh, Infect. Disord. Drug Targets, 7, 3 (2007); https://doi.org/10.2174/187152607780090748

R.K. Thalji, K. Raha, D. Andreotti, A. Checchia, H. Cui, G. Meneghelli, R. Profeta, F. Tonelli, S. Tommasi, T. Bakshi, B.T. Donovan, A. Howells, S. Jain, C. Nixon, G. Quinque, L. McCloskey, B.D. Bax, M. Neu, P.F. Chan and R.A. Stavenger, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 29, 1407 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.029

T. Khan, K. Sankhe, V. Suvarna, A. Sherje, K. Patel and B. Dravyakar, Biomed. Pharmacother., 103, 923 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.021

Author biographies is not available.