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Vol. 37 No. 10 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 10, 2025

Copyright (c) 2025 SIVAKAMAVALLI JEYACHANDRAN, Shreya, Balaji

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

From Pollution to Solution: Scalable Approaches to Microplastic Degradation and Sustainability: A Review

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2025.34421
Chevuru Sai Shreya Reddy
Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai-600077, India
Balaji Ganesh
Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai-600077, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2786-8374
Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
Lab in Biotechnology and Biosignal Transduction, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai-600077, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1422-6505

Corresponding Author(s) : Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran

sivakamavalli.sdc@saveetha.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 37 No. 10 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 10, 2025

Abstract

In 21st century, it is critical for sustainable development due to natural resources depletion and the expansion of new territories, leading to increased urbanization, environmental risks and the creation of large-scale economic systems. Microplastics originating from industries, transportation and other human activities, have become a significant global aquatic pollutant, posing serious threats to marine life. Traditional methods for removing microplastics have proven ineffective due to their small size, prompting the exploration of new degradation strategies. This review highlights various approaches for microplastic degradation, including physical methods like density gradient separation, filtration systems, reverse osmosis and magnetic separation; chemical methods involving acid-alkali treatment, chemical oxidation and photocatalysis; and biological methods focusing on bioremediation through bioaugmentation and biostimulation. While these methods offer partial degradation of microplastics, often producing valuable byproducts on a small scale, they have limitations. To address these shortcomings, innovative techniques such as adsorption on algae, biochar and photocatalytic micromotors are being developed, reflecting the latest research trends in microplastic degradation.

Keywords

Sustainable development Microplastic degradation Marine pollution Environmental risks
(1)
Reddy, C. S. S.; Ganesh, B.; Jeyachandran, S. From Pollution to Solution: Scalable Approaches to Microplastic Degradation and Sustainability: A Review. ajc 2025, 37, 2355-2365.
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