1,2,3-Triazoles: Lead Molecules For Promising Drugs: A Review

Abstract

A large number of heterocyclic compounds with five membered rings as the parent nucleus such as tetrazoles, imidazoles, triazoles, oxadiazoles, thiadiazoles, thiazoles, etc. have been studied extensively owing to their fascinating biological properties like anticancer, antifungal, antimicrobial, antitumor, anticonvulsant, antiviral, etc. 1,2,3-Triazoles are important class of five-membered biologically active heterocyclic compounds as they exhibit wide range of pharmacological activities. Triazoles are of two types viz. 1,2,3-triazole and 1,2,4-triazole. These compounds have drawn great attention from chemists and biologists since their discovery. In recent years, triazoles has emerged as an interesting field in drug design for many researchers due to their enormous pharmacological scope. The present review aims to sum up the medicinal significance of 1,2,3-triazoles as one of the most significant structures for the development of drug molecules like anticancer, antibacterial, HIV protease inhibitors, antifungal, anti-inflammatory (COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors), antiprotozoal, anticonvulsant, antioxidant and others, which are under clinical trials. Various benzyl and benzyl-halide functionalized 1,2,3-triazole derivatives like rufinamide, mubritinib (TAK-165) and suvorexant showing excellent biological activities have been used as medicine. In present review, more stress has been laid on the major developments in the therapeutic aspects of triazole pharmacophore for the last two decades.