Copyright (c) 2025 Suryam Neeradi, Rakesh Chilivery, Abbu Venugopal, Laxma Reddy Kotha

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Influence of Mn and Yb on Structural, Optical, Magnetic Properties, Photocatalytic and Biological Activity of Cobalt Nanoferrites Synthesized by Citrate Gel Method
Corresponding Author(s) : Laxma Reddy Kotha
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 37 No. 4 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 4, 2025
Abstract
The citrate gel method was used to prepare nanostructured ferrites having composition Co1-yMnyYbxFe2-xO4 (x = y = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1) nanoferrites and investigated their structural, magnetic, catalytic and antibacterial activities. A cubic spinel structure with crystallite diameters between 16.77 nm to 34.84 nm was established by X-ray diffraction (XRD), while granular morphology and elemental composition were disclosed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Molecular vibrations were described by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, which verified the production of spinel structures. Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) revealed that doping doses caused considerable changes in magnetic anisotropy by varying magnetic characteristics like coercivity and saturation magnetization. Methylene blue and rhodamine blue dyes were used to investigate the photocatalytic activity of these ferrites and YMN-5 showed the best degradation efficiency. Moreover with optimal doping, the antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens showed increased efficiency. These results demonstrate the potentiality of Yb-doped Mn-Co ferrites in the biomedical applications and environmental remediation.
Keywords
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- M.B. Mohamed and M. Yehia, J. Alloys Compd., 615, 181 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.06.156
- L.V. Hublikar, S.V. Ganachari and V.B. Patil, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 30, 66994 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27201-z
- Y. Mouhib and M. Belaiche, Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process., 127, 613 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-021-04758-5
- H. Aglan, I.A. Ali, B.M. Ali and S.A. Kandil, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., 36, 17 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-025-06859-6
- A. Hameed, A. Asghar, S. Shabbir, I. Ahmed, A.K. Tareen, K. Khan, G. Hussain, M.Y. Awaji and H. Anwar, Front. Chem., 12, 1433004 (2024); https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1433004
- L. Saviano, A.A. Brouziotis, E.G.P. Suarez, A. Siciliano, M. Guida, M. Spampinato, M. Trifuoggi, D.D. Bianco, M. Carotenuto, V.R. Spica, G. Lofrano and G. Libralato, Molecules, 28, 6185 (2023); https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176185
- V.S. Kumbhar, A.D. Jagadale, N.M. Shinde and C.D. Lokhande, Appl. Surf. Sci., 259, 39 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.06.034
- S. Dabagh, K. Chaudhary, Z. Haider and J. Ali, Results Phys., 8, 93 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2017.11.033
- E. Abouzir, M. Elansary, M. Belaiche and H. Jaziri, RSC Adv., 10, 11244 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA01841D
- K. Vijaya Babu, G. Satyanarayana, B. Sailaja, G.V. Santosh Kumar, K. Jalaiah and M. Ravi, Results Phys., 9, 55 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2018.01.048
- M. Amiri, K. Eskandari and M. Salavati-Niasari, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 271, 101982 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2019.07.003
- H. Qin, Y. He, P. Xu, D. Huang, Z. Wang, H. Wang, Z. Wang, Y. Zhao, Q. Tian and C. Wang, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 294, 102486 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2021.102486
- P.D. Sanasi, D. Santhipriya, Y. Ramesh, M.R. Kumar, B. Swathi and K.J. Rao, J. Chem. Sci., 126, 1715 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-014-0729-2
- N. Abbas, N. Rubab, K.H. Kim, R. Chaudhry, S. Manzoor, N. Raza, M. Tariq, J. Lee and S. Manzoor, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 594, 902 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.094
- D.R. Kumar, C.A. Lincoln, D. Ravinder and S.I. Ahmad, Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process., 126, 705 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03894-8
- M.H. Abdellatif and A.A. Azab, Silicon, 10, 1991 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-017-9711-1
- C.H. Vinuthna, K.C. Babu Naidu, C.C. Sekhar and R. Dachepalli, Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol., 16, 1944 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.13276
- R.E. El-Shater, A.W. Awad, E.K. Abdel-Khalek, H.H. El-Bahnasawy, T.M. Meaz and E.A. Okba, Sci. Rep., 13, 15482 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41214-1
- B. Mahipal, N. Venkatesh, D.R. Kumar and P. Veerasomaiah, J. Mol. Struct., 1277, 134843 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134843
- A.K. Ambala, D.R. Kumar, S.I. Ahmad, K. Anuradha and C.A. Lincoln, Mater. Today Proc., 92(Part 2), 801 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.04.346
- B.B.R. Shaikh, B.G. Toksha, S.E. Shirsath, A. Chatterjee, S. Tonde and S.Q. Chishty, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 537, 168229 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2021.168229
- M. Raghasudha, D. Ravinder and P. Veerasomaiah, Adv. Mater. Phys. Chem., 3, 89 (2013); https://doi.org/10.4236/ampc.2013.32014
- K. Pubby, S.S. Meena, S.M. Yusuf and S.B. Narang, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 466, 430 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2018.07.038
- J. Venturini, A.M. Tonelli, T.B. Wermuth, R.Y.S. Zampiva, S. Arcaro, A.D. Cas Viegas and C.P. Bergmann, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 482, 1 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2019.03.057
- B. Mahipal, N. Venkatesh, D.R. Kumar and P. Veerasomaiah, Chem. Zvesti, 77, 2839 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-023-02670-1
- D.D. Andhare, S.R. Patade, J.S. Kounsalye and K.M. Jadhav, Physica B, 583, 412051 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2020.412051
- A.V. Ravindra, M. Chandrika, Ch. Rajesh, P. Kollu, S. Ju and S.D. Ramarao, Eur. Phys. J. Plus, 134, 296 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2019-12690-2
- M.A. Almessiere, Y. Slimani, S. Guner, M. Sertkol, A. Demir Korkmaz, S.E. Shirsath and A. Baykal, Ultrason. Sonochem., 58, 104654 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104654.
- M. Hashim, M. Raghasudha, S.S. Meena, J. Shah, S.E. Shirsath, S. Kumar, D. Ravinder, P. Bhatt, R. Alimuddin, R. Kumar and R.K. Kotnala, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 449, 319 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2017.10.023
- X. Jing, M. Guo, Z. Li, C. Qin, Z. Chen, Z. Li and H. Gong, Ceram. Int., 49, 14046 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.12.286
- M.A. Almessiere, A.D. Korkmaz, Y. Slimani, M. Nawaz, S. Ali and A. Baykal, Ceram. Int., 45, 3449 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.10.260
- G.S. Goud, N. Venkatesh, D.R. Kumar, S.I. Ahmad and P. Veerasomaiah, ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol., 13, 073005 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad5dfb
- N.M. Reddy, D. Kothandan, V. Poli Reddy, S.R. Juvvala, M.G. Kiran, K.R.R. Chebattina, U.C. Pathem, S.J. Basha, T. Narendrudu and A. Kalpana, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 113, 322 (2025).; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-024-06602-7
- S. Balu, D. Ganapathy, S. Arya, R. Atchudan and A.K. Sundramoorthy, RSC Adv., 14, 14392 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA01307G
- S. Dabagh, S.A. Haris and Y.N. Ertas, J. Cluster Sci., 34, 2067 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-022-02373-9
- S. Kaur, V.K. Chalotra, R. Jasrotia, V. Bhasin, S. Suman, S. Kumari, S. Thakur, J. Ahmed, A. Mehtab, T. Ahmad, R. Singh and S. Godara, Opt. Mater., 133, 113026 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2022.113026
- M.A. Sayed, H.K. Abdelsalam and A.A.H. El-Bassuony, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 36, 25 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-020-2803-x
References
M.B. Mohamed and M. Yehia, J. Alloys Compd., 615, 181 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.06.156
L.V. Hublikar, S.V. Ganachari and V.B. Patil, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 30, 66994 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27201-z
Y. Mouhib and M. Belaiche, Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process., 127, 613 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-021-04758-5
H. Aglan, I.A. Ali, B.M. Ali and S.A. Kandil, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., 36, 17 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-025-06859-6
A. Hameed, A. Asghar, S. Shabbir, I. Ahmed, A.K. Tareen, K. Khan, G. Hussain, M.Y. Awaji and H. Anwar, Front. Chem., 12, 1433004 (2024); https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1433004
L. Saviano, A.A. Brouziotis, E.G.P. Suarez, A. Siciliano, M. Guida, M. Spampinato, M. Trifuoggi, D.D. Bianco, M. Carotenuto, V.R. Spica, G. Lofrano and G. Libralato, Molecules, 28, 6185 (2023); https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176185
V.S. Kumbhar, A.D. Jagadale, N.M. Shinde and C.D. Lokhande, Appl. Surf. Sci., 259, 39 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.06.034
S. Dabagh, K. Chaudhary, Z. Haider and J. Ali, Results Phys., 8, 93 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2017.11.033
E. Abouzir, M. Elansary, M. Belaiche and H. Jaziri, RSC Adv., 10, 11244 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA01841D
K. Vijaya Babu, G. Satyanarayana, B. Sailaja, G.V. Santosh Kumar, K. Jalaiah and M. Ravi, Results Phys., 9, 55 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2018.01.048
M. Amiri, K. Eskandari and M. Salavati-Niasari, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 271, 101982 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2019.07.003
H. Qin, Y. He, P. Xu, D. Huang, Z. Wang, H. Wang, Z. Wang, Y. Zhao, Q. Tian and C. Wang, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 294, 102486 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2021.102486
P.D. Sanasi, D. Santhipriya, Y. Ramesh, M.R. Kumar, B. Swathi and K.J. Rao, J. Chem. Sci., 126, 1715 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-014-0729-2
N. Abbas, N. Rubab, K.H. Kim, R. Chaudhry, S. Manzoor, N. Raza, M. Tariq, J. Lee and S. Manzoor, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 594, 902 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.094
D.R. Kumar, C.A. Lincoln, D. Ravinder and S.I. Ahmad, Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process., 126, 705 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03894-8
M.H. Abdellatif and A.A. Azab, Silicon, 10, 1991 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-017-9711-1
C.H. Vinuthna, K.C. Babu Naidu, C.C. Sekhar and R. Dachepalli, Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol., 16, 1944 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.13276
R.E. El-Shater, A.W. Awad, E.K. Abdel-Khalek, H.H. El-Bahnasawy, T.M. Meaz and E.A. Okba, Sci. Rep., 13, 15482 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41214-1
B. Mahipal, N. Venkatesh, D.R. Kumar and P. Veerasomaiah, J. Mol. Struct., 1277, 134843 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134843
A.K. Ambala, D.R. Kumar, S.I. Ahmad, K. Anuradha and C.A. Lincoln, Mater. Today Proc., 92(Part 2), 801 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.04.346
B.B.R. Shaikh, B.G. Toksha, S.E. Shirsath, A. Chatterjee, S. Tonde and S.Q. Chishty, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 537, 168229 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2021.168229
M. Raghasudha, D. Ravinder and P. Veerasomaiah, Adv. Mater. Phys. Chem., 3, 89 (2013); https://doi.org/10.4236/ampc.2013.32014
K. Pubby, S.S. Meena, S.M. Yusuf and S.B. Narang, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 466, 430 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2018.07.038
J. Venturini, A.M. Tonelli, T.B. Wermuth, R.Y.S. Zampiva, S. Arcaro, A.D. Cas Viegas and C.P. Bergmann, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 482, 1 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2019.03.057
B. Mahipal, N. Venkatesh, D.R. Kumar and P. Veerasomaiah, Chem. Zvesti, 77, 2839 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-023-02670-1
D.D. Andhare, S.R. Patade, J.S. Kounsalye and K.M. Jadhav, Physica B, 583, 412051 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2020.412051
A.V. Ravindra, M. Chandrika, Ch. Rajesh, P. Kollu, S. Ju and S.D. Ramarao, Eur. Phys. J. Plus, 134, 296 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2019-12690-2
M.A. Almessiere, Y. Slimani, S. Guner, M. Sertkol, A. Demir Korkmaz, S.E. Shirsath and A. Baykal, Ultrason. Sonochem., 58, 104654 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104654.
M. Hashim, M. Raghasudha, S.S. Meena, J. Shah, S.E. Shirsath, S. Kumar, D. Ravinder, P. Bhatt, R. Alimuddin, R. Kumar and R.K. Kotnala, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 449, 319 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2017.10.023
X. Jing, M. Guo, Z. Li, C. Qin, Z. Chen, Z. Li and H. Gong, Ceram. Int., 49, 14046 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.12.286
M.A. Almessiere, A.D. Korkmaz, Y. Slimani, M. Nawaz, S. Ali and A. Baykal, Ceram. Int., 45, 3449 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.10.260
G.S. Goud, N. Venkatesh, D.R. Kumar, S.I. Ahmad and P. Veerasomaiah, ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol., 13, 073005 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad5dfb
N.M. Reddy, D. Kothandan, V. Poli Reddy, S.R. Juvvala, M.G. Kiran, K.R.R. Chebattina, U.C. Pathem, S.J. Basha, T. Narendrudu and A. Kalpana, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 113, 322 (2025).; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-024-06602-7
S. Balu, D. Ganapathy, S. Arya, R. Atchudan and A.K. Sundramoorthy, RSC Adv., 14, 14392 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA01307G
S. Dabagh, S.A. Haris and Y.N. Ertas, J. Cluster Sci., 34, 2067 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-022-02373-9
S. Kaur, V.K. Chalotra, R. Jasrotia, V. Bhasin, S. Suman, S. Kumari, S. Thakur, J. Ahmed, A. Mehtab, T. Ahmad, R. Singh and S. Godara, Opt. Mater., 133, 113026 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2022.113026
M.A. Sayed, H.K. Abdelsalam and A.A.H. El-Bassuony, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 36, 25 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-020-2803-x