Copyright (c) 2025 Vitthal T. Borkar, Snehal S. Latpate, Vijay T. Dangat, Sachin Patil, Shweta Kajulkar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Kinetics, Pharmacokinetics, Drug-Likeness and Binding Affinity in Aqueous Iodinations of Regioisomers of Methyl Benzamine using Hydrodynamic Voltammetry, QSAR and Molecular Docking with Cytochrome P450
Corresponding Author(s) : Vitthal T. Borkar
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 37 No. 6 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 6, 2025
Abstract
Kinetics of equimolar concentrations of molecular iodine and m-methyl benzamine in aqueous medium has been investigated using hydrodynamic voltammetry. The study was also extended for ortho and para isomers of methyl benzamine. All the three reactions were found to be rapid and second order. Specific reaction rates, half-lives, frequency factors and energies of activation for these reactions have been determined from the kinetic data. The experimentally determined reactivity order of the three regio-isomers studied in these iodination reactions is found to be m-methyl benzamine > o-methyl benzamine > p-methyl benzamine. Drug-likeness and pharmacokinetics of the iodo products formed have been speculated from quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models. Molecular docking simulations have been invoked to explore the binding affinities and interaction patterns of the iodo products formed with cytochrome P450 (CYP 450), a critical enzyme in drug metabolism. This experimental approach coupled with in silico data correlates the electrochemical propensities of the iodo products formed, of the regioisomers of methyl benzamine with their pharmacological potentials.
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- M.N. Kad, R.P. Bhadane and S.B. Walke, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 55, 180 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1002/kin.21627
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- J. Struwe, L. Ackermann and F. Gallou, Chem Catal., 3, 100485 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2022.12.002
- A. Suzuki, Chem. Commun., 38, 4759 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1039/b507375h
- M.E. Limmert, A.H. Roy and J.F. Hartwig, J. Org. Chem., 70, 9364 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1021/jo051394l
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- J.M. Schomaker and T.J. Delia, J. Org. Chem., 66, 7125 (2001); https://doi.org/10.1021/jo010573+
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- C.Y. Jia, J.Y. Li, G.F. Hao and G.F. Yang, Drug Discov. Today, 25, 248 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2019.10.014
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- P.D. Maske, V.T. Borkar and S.S. Latpate, Russ. J. Gen. Chem., 93, 429 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070363223020263
- M. Liljenberg, J.H. Stenlid and T. Brinck, J. Phys. Chem. A, 122, 3270 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10781
References
M.N. Kad, R.P. Bhadane and S.B. Walke, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 55, 180 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1002/kin.21627
V.T. Borkar, S.L. Bonde and V.T. Dangat, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 45, 693 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1002/kin.20801
M.K. Al-Joumhawy, J.-C. Chang, F. Sabzi and D. Gabel, Molecules, 28, 3245 (2023); https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073245
J. Struwe, L. Ackermann and F. Gallou, Chem Catal., 3, 100485 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checat.2022.12.002
A. Suzuki, Chem. Commun., 38, 4759 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1039/b507375h
M.E. Limmert, A.H. Roy and J.F. Hartwig, J. Org. Chem., 70, 9364 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1021/jo051394l
B. Duvvuru, D. Amankulova, S. Gauden, T. Haffemayer and D.L.J. Clive, Tetrahedron, 133, 133264 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2023.133264
E. Negishi, T. Nguyen, L.D. Boardman, H. Sawada and J.A. Morrison, Heteroatom Chem., 3, 293 (1992); https://doi.org/10.1002/hc.520030315
J.M. Schomaker and T.J. Delia, J. Org. Chem., 66, 7125 (2001); https://doi.org/10.1021/jo010573+
K. Heremans, J. Snauwaert and J. Rijkenberg, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 51, 806 (1980); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1136295
V.T. Borkar, J. Chem. Educ., 98, 2959 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.1c00185
V.T. Borkar, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 53, 1193 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1002/kin.21525
R.R. Sangpal, V.T. Borkar, B.B. Bahule, S.S. Latpate and V. Marathe, Asian J. Chem., 36, 2461 (2024); https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2024.32547
A. Daina, O. Michielin and V. Zoete, Sci. Rep., 7, 42717 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1038/srep42717
C.Y. Jia, J.Y. Li, G.F. Hao and G.F. Yang, Drug Discov. Today, 25, 248 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2019.10.014
C.S. Abraham, S. Muthu, J.C. Prasana, S. Armakoviæ, S.J. Armakoviæ, F. Rizwana B, B. Geoffrey and H.A. David R, Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., 222, 117188 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2019.117188
R. Arif, M. Rana, S. Yasmeen, Amaduddin, M.S. Khan, M. Abid, M.S. Khan and Rahisuddin, J. Mol. Struct., 1208, 127905 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127905
P.D. Maske, V.T. Borkar and S.S. Latpate, Russ. J. Gen. Chem., 93, 429 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070363223020263
M. Liljenberg, J.H. Stenlid and T. Brinck, J. Phys. Chem. A, 122, 3270 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10781
