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Vol. 37 No. 6 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 6, 2025

Copyright (c) 2025 Basavaraj Hungund

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Phytochemical Screening, GCMS-LCMS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds from Methanolic Extract of Eichhornia crassipes: In vitro Cytotoxic Effect against MCF7 Cell Line

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2025.33738
Basavaraj S. Hungund
Bioresource Development Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi-580031, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0971-3715
Gururaj B. Tennalli
Bioresource Development Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi-580031, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7850-6181
Namratha P. Hegde
Bioresource Development Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi-580031, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4595-1083
G. Haripriya
Bioresource Development Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi-580031, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4252-5943
S. Yallappa
Department of Chemistry, Cambridge Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-560036, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5252-5541

Corresponding Author(s) : Basavaraj S. Hungund

hungundb@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 37 No. 6 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 6, 2025

Abstract

Eichhornia crassipes, commonly referred to as water hyacinth, is an invasive aquatic plant that has not undergone comprehensive research about its possible medicinal properties. The present study aims to utilize its rapidly growing potential for medical purposes. The leaves of Eichhornia crassipes were extracted in a sequential manner using hexane, methanol and water using Soxhlet apparatus. The preliminary phytochemical analysis has confirmed the presence of bioactive phytochemicals in the methanolic extract of E. crassipes leaves. The methanolic extract showed different types of high and low molecular weight compounds by GCMS-LCMS analysis. The GC-HRMS analysis revealed the presence of n-hexadecanoic acid, stigmasta-3,5-diene and vitamin E. The HR-LCMS analysis identified the presence of khivorin, cymarin and salicin using positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode and rhoifolin and digitoxin using negative ESI mode. The isolated and identified compounds in the crude extract exhibit following bioactivities like antimicrobial, antidiabetic, hypocholesterolemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects. The extract exhibited cytotoxic effect in the experiments against MCF7 breast cancer cell line, resulting in a reduction in cell viability to 48.29 ± 1.39% with an IC50 value of 770.90 µg/mL. Further, studies on DNA ladder assay demonstrated that the cytotoxic effect of extract is due to DNA fragmentation and alteration of DNA properties.

Keywords

Eichhornia crassipes Phytochemical analysis GCMS-LCMS Bioactive compounds DNA ladder assay
(1)
Hungund, B. S.; Tennalli, G. B.; Hegde, N. P.; Haripriya, G.; Yallappa, S. Phytochemical Screening, GCMS-LCMS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds from Methanolic Extract of Eichhornia Crassipes: In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect Against MCF7 Cell Line. ajc 2025, 37, 1367-1377.
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