Biological Activities and Docking Simulation of  Newer Dipodal Benzopyrazines based Azine Scaffold

Maroti Sudewad; Sachin Yeole; Maheshkumar Jadhav; Santosh Kathwate; Rahul More; Kundan Tayade

doi:10.14233/ajchem.2025.33252

Issue

Vol. 37 No. 3 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 3, 2025

Issue Published : 28 February 2025

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Biological Activities and Docking Simulation of Newer Dipodal Benzopyrazines based Azine Scaffold

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2025.33252

Maroti Sudewad

Department of Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Rajarshi Shahu Mahavidyalaya (Autonomous), Latur-413512, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5303-7841

Sachin Yeole

Department of Chemistry, Bhusawal Arts, Science and P.O. Nahata Commerce College, Bhusawal-425201, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2737-3467

Maheshkumar Jadhav

Department of Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Rajarshi Shahu Mahavidyalaya (Autonomous), Latur-413512, India

https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4650-369X

Santosh Kathwate

Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune-411007, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-8192

Rahul More

Department of Microbiology, Dayanand Science College, Latur-413531, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8201-4622

Kundan Tayade

Department of Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Rajarshi Shahu Mahavidyalaya (Autonomous), Latur-413512, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5492-2121

Corresponding Author(s) : Kundan Tayade

kundantayade@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 37 No. 3 (2025): Vol 37 Issue 3, 2025
Article Published : 28 February 2025

Abstract

In this study, novel benzopyrazine-based motif 2-((2,3-bis(4-bromophenyl)quinoxalin-6-yl)(phenyl)-methylene)-1-((2,3-bis(4-bromophenyl)-quinoxalin-7-yl)(phenyl)methylene)hydrazine (compound 2) was synthesized and characterized. Among the tested microbes, compound 2 has demonstrated potent activity against the bacterial strains B. subtilis and B. megaterium (with MICs of 31.25 and 15.62, respectively), as well as the fungal strains R. oryzae, P. chrysogenum and A. niger (with MICs of 31.25, 62.5 and 62.5, respectively). Compound 2 (1 mg/mL) was also found to be a potent DPPH-reducing agent as compared to ascorbic acid. In vitro hemolytic assay revealed negligible activity (within 5% permissible limit) as compared to positive control Triton-X 100. Molecular docking studies indicated that compound 2 binds to the GyrB ATP-binding site through hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and π-cation interactions, demonstrating favourable in silico interaction energy scores. Exploration of DFT shows that HOMO & LUMO are mainly located around the benzene rings and nitrogen atoms rather than bromine.

Keywords

Benzopyrazine Molecular docking Biological activities DFT studies

Sudewad, M., Yeole, S., Jadhav, M., Kathwate, S., More, R., & Tayade, K. (2025). Biological Activities and Docking Simulation of Newer Dipodal Benzopyrazines based Azine Scaffold. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 37(3), 601–608. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2025.33252

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A.R. Katritzky and B.V. Rogovoy, Chem. Eur. J., 9, 4586 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.200304990

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C.N. Pace, H. Fu, K.L. Fryar, J. Landua, S.R. Trevino, B.A. Shirley, M.M. Hendricks, S. Iimura, K. Gajiwala, J.M. Scholtz and G.R. Grimsley, J. Mol. Biol., 408, 514 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2011.02.053

Author biographies is not available.