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Vol. 31 No. 7 (2019): Vol 31 Issue 7

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Source Apportionment of PM2.5 Bound PAHs in Tropical Tiruchirappalli City, India

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.22031
Arun Marimuthu
Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College, (Affliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli-620020, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6618-0353
Mohamed Sihabudeen
Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College, (Affliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli-620020, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0673-7073
Shuiping Wu
College of Environmental and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2216-8907
G. Hariharan
National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Anna University Campus, Chennai-600025, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1315-3180

Corresponding Author(s) : Arun Marimuthu

ceo@orchard.edu.in

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 31 No. 7 (2019): Vol 31 Issue 7

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as per the priority list of USEPA, bound to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) prevalent in Tiruchirappalli, an urban city of India. The sampling was carried out for 24 h continuously in each station to study the PM2.5 deposition. The PAHs deposited on the filter paper was estimated using ultrasonic centrifuge solid-phase extraction method and further analyzed with gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The results showed that the range of PAHs concentrations in the study period was between 1.0 and 90.20 ng/m3. The seasonal variation of all the 16 PAHs varied from 38.78 ng/m3 in monsoon, 32.06 ng/m3 in winter,12.54 ng/m3 in summer and 8.88 ng/m3 pre-monsoon. The annual average concentration of PAHs observed was 22.51 ng/m3 with PAHs of higher molecular weight in abundance accounting for almost 90.81 % while the PAHs of lower molecular weight contributing to 9.23 %.Higher PAHs levels of 35.41 ng/m3 were recorded during cold months followed by 10.71 ng/m3 during warm months. Diagnostic ratio source analysis and principal component analysis established that vehicular emissions and off-road combustion sources were the major sources. The mean benzo(a)pyrene toxicity equivalent calculated for samples was 2.83 ng/m3 and the mean contribution of the carcinogenic potency of benzo(a)pyrene was observed to be 41.13 %.

Keywords

Urban air quality Fine particulate matter Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Health risk Toxicity
Marimuthu, A., Sihabudeen, M., Wu, S., & Hariharan, G. (2019). Source Apportionment of PM2.5 Bound PAHs in Tropical Tiruchirappalli City, India. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 31(7), 1519–1526. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.22031
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