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Vol. 36 No. 11 (2024): Vol 36 Issue 11, 2024

Copyright (c) 2024 Elizabeth Aladejana

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Investigating the in vitro Anticancer Potential and Phytochemical Constituents of Cheilanthes hirta Swartz Plant Extracts

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2024.32299
Elizabeth Bosede Aladejana
Infectious Diseases and Medicinal Plants, Botany Department, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4658-5596
Nande Macaula
Infectious Diseases and Medicinal Plants, Botany Department, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5717-6021
Siphamandla Q. Lamula
Infectious Diseases and Medicinal Plants, Botany Department, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7140-8327
Adebowale Emmanuel Aladejana
Infectious Diseases and Medicinal Plants, Botany Department, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1871-926X
Mariet Wium
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Barnard Fuller Building, Anzio Rd, Cape Town, 7935, South Africa
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0527-1750
Juliano Paccez
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Barnard Fuller Building, Anzio Rd, Cape Town, 7935, South Africa
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-4588
Luiz Fernando Zerbini
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Barnard Fuller Building, Anzio Rd, Cape Town, 7935, South Africa
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0736-9508
Lisa Valencia Buwa-Komoreng
Infectious Diseases and Medicinal Plants, Botany Department, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1592-9459

Corresponding Author(s) : Elizabeth Bosede Aladejana

ealadejana@ufh.ac.za

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 36 No. 11 (2024): Vol 36 Issue 11, 2024

Abstract

Cancer, a complex group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, remains a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for approximately 10 million deaths in 2020. Despite advancements in chemotherapy and targeted therapies, survival rates have not significantly improved, necessitating the exploration of novel anticancer agents. This study investigates the in vitro anticancer potential and phytochemical constituents of Cheilanthes hirta Swartz, a fern known for its medicinal properties. The plant was collected from KwaZulu Natal, South Africa and extracts were prepared using water, ethanol and methanol. The phytochemical and FTIR screening were carried out using standard procedure and anticancer activities of the extracts were assessed against prostate (PC-3 and DU-145), human T-lymphocytes (SKU-T) and gastric (AGS) cancer cell lines using the MTT assay. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, phlobatannins, alkaloids and steroids. FTIR spectroscopy identified the functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, terminal alkynes, ketones, phenols and phosphate ions. The cytotoxicity results showed that the ethanol extract exhibited the most potent antiproliferative effects on prostate cancer cell lines, while the aqueous extract had the strongest effect on the gastric cancer cells. This study highlights the potential of C. hirta as a source of bioactive compounds for anticancer drug development, however, further investigation into its mechanisms of action and therapeutic efficacy is needed.

Keywords

Anticancer Cheilanthes hirta Phytochemicals MTT assay
Aladejana, E. B., Macaula, N., Lamula, S. Q., Aladejana, A. E., Wium, M., Paccez, J., … Buwa-Komoreng, L. V. (2024). Investigating the in vitro Anticancer Potential and Phytochemical Constituents of Cheilanthes hirta Swartz Plant Extracts. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 36(11), 2508–2514. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2024.32299
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