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Vol. 36 No. 6 (2024): Vol 36 Issue 6, 2024

Copyright (c) 2024 Deep Prakash Deep, Bhawana Pant, Priyanka Sagar

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Hydroformylation of Terminal Alkenes with in situ Generation of Syngas using Schiff Base Palladium Complex under Microwave and Conventional Heating

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2024.31390
D. Prakash
Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, Nainital-263001, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4342-3674
B. Pant
Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, Nainital-263001, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0709-7381
P. Sagar
Department of Chemistry, Soban Singh Jeena Campus, Almora University, Almora-263601, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3584-1582

Corresponding Author(s) : D. Prakash

deepprakash212@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 36 No. 6 (2024): Vol 36 Issue 6, 2024

Abstract

Hydroformylation of alkenes and alkynes without syngas is preferred for obtaining valuable aldehydes with 100% atom economy using widely available components. Regarding selectivity, atom economy and energy efficiency, microwave-promoted catalytic hydroformylation reactions are the substitutes for conventional techniques. This is compatible with an increasing demand for more environmentally friendly industrial processes. In present work, Schiff base palladium complexes were utilized as catalysts for the hydroformylation of terminal alkenes using glyoxylic acid and formaldehyde as sources of CO and H2. Highly regio- and chemoselective olefin to aldehyde transfer hydroformylation of organic substrate in terminal unsaturated C-C bonds with microwave assistance in situ generation of syngas condition. Additionally, eight entries were hydroformylated to the linear aldehyde utilizing a palladium complex containing (E)-4-((4-nitrobenzylidene)-amino)phenol ligand under microwave and conventional heating, resulting in very high regioselectivity (l/b). Without CO and H2 cylinders, this proposed approach produced aldehydes with a 93% yield and excellent regioselectivity. Hydroformylation of terminal alkene, when carried out with palladium catalyst using glyoxylic acid as a source of CO and H2 and microwave-irradiated for 18-20 min at 160 ºC, led to the formation of the corresponding aldehyde without the formation of isomerized alkenes. During the hydroformylation process, the use of microwave and conventional heating techniques were compared and differentiated. The results demonstrated that microwave heating requires significantly lower temperatures and offers higher yields than traditional heating.

Keywords

Microwave assisted Palladium Schiff base Syngas free condition Terminal alkenes Conventional heating
Prakash, D., Pant, B., & Sagar, P. (2024). Hydroformylation of Terminal Alkenes with in situ Generation of Syngas using Schiff Base Palladium Complex under Microwave and Conventional Heating. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 36(6), 1281–1285. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2024.31390
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Author Biographies

B. Pant, Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, Nainital-263001, India

Department of Chemistry, SSJ campus Almora, Almora University, 263601, Uttarakhand, india

P. Sagar, Department of Chemistry, Soban Singh Jeena Campus, Almora University, Almora-263601, India

Department of Chemistry, SSJ Campus Almora, Almora University, 263601, Uttarakhand, India

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