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Determination of Radon Concentration by Using CR-39 Plastic Track Detectors in Dwellings of Bingöl and Mus Provinces of Turkey
Corresponding Author(s) : N. Ekinci
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 30 No. 1 (2018): Vol 30 Issue 1
Abstract
Measurements of indoor radon have a critical role in monitoring human health and safety. In this study, measurements of radon in the houses of Bingöl and Mus provinces and in their surrounding villages were performed by using CR-39 nuclear track detectors. Bingöl and Mus Provinces of Turkey have the severe terrestrial climate with hot and dry summers and cold and snowy winters for a long period. Therefore, people who spend much of their time at home have a greater risk for being exposed. The CR-39 detectors were placed in the selected 77 dwellings of Bingöl in the 2013 winter season and in 91 dwellings of Mus in 2012 winter season. Before the setup of detector, we had filled up a detailed questionnaire form to survey construction parameters and properties of the houses and living conditions of inhabitants. Detectors collected two month later were read and treated by Radosys Electronic equipment in Turkish Atomic Energy Agency Laboratory. The indoor radon concentrations in Bingöl and Mus provinces are found to vary from 43 to 348 Bq/m3 with an average of 103 Bq/m3 and from 25 to 604 Bq/m3 an average of 108 Bq/m3, respectively.
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References
S. Singh, R. Mehra and K. Singh, Atmos. Environ., 39, 7761 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.08.030.
Z.S. Zunic, P. Ujic, L. Nadderd, I.V. Yarmoshenko, S.B. Radanovic, S.K. Petrovic, I. Èelikovic, M. Komatina and P. Bossew, Appl. Radiat. Isot., 94, 328 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.08.018.
V. Duggal,A. Rahi and R. Mehra, Indoor Built Environ., 23, 1142 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X13500801.
N. Damla and K. Aldemir, Isotopes Environ. Health Stud., 50, 226 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2014.870170.
P.R. Avinash, S. Rajesh, B.R. Kerur and R. Mishra, J. Radionucl. Chem., 37, 1321 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3608-x.
R.I. Obed, A.K. Ademola, M. Vascotto and G. Giannini, J. Environ. Radioact., 102, 1012 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.06.012.
M. Kitto, J. Environ. Radioact., 137, 213 (2014); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.07.020.
A.A. Elzain, Int. J. Sci. Res., 4, 2566 (2015).
L.R. Gulan, F. Bochicchio, C. Carpentieri, G.A. Milic, J.M. Stajic, D.Z. Krstic, Z.A. Stojanovska, D.R. Nikezic and Z.S. Zunic, Nucl. Technol. Radiat., 28, 60 (2013).
B. Chah and L. Zikovsky, Water Air Soil Pollut., 51, 133 (1990); https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00211510.
M. Caresana, M. Ferrarini, L. Garlati and A. Parravicini, Radiat. Meas., 45, 183 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2010.01.030.
S.A. Durrani and R. Ilic, Radon Measurements by Etched Track Detectors: Application in Radiation Protection, Earth Sciences and the Environment, World Scientific, New Jersey, USA, pp. 387 (1997).
D. Nikezica and K.N. Yu, Mater. Sci. Eng. R: Reports, 46, 51 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2004.07.003.
G. Ahn and J.-K. Lee, Nucl. Eng. Technol., 4, 37 (2005);
National Academy of Science (NAS) Reports, Health Effects of Exposures to Radon, Committee on Health Risks of Exposures to Radon (BEIR VI), National Academy Press (1999).
World Health Organization, Principles for the Assessment of Risks to Human Health from Exposure to Chemicals, Environmental Health Criteria, No. 210, Geneva (1999).
EPA, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Radionuclides; Proposed Rules, Federal Register, 56: 138, 33050 (1991).
A. Mowlavi, M.R. Fornasier, A. Binesh and M. Denaro, Environ. Monit. Assess., 184, 1085 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2022-x.
UNSCEAR, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation Sources, Effects and Risks of Ionizing Radiation, United Nations, New York (2000).
B. Can, C. Canbazoglu, N. Albayrak, N. Celebi and M. Dogru, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 292, 1059 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-011-1559-z.
UNSCEAR, United Nations’ Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation Ionizing Radiations: Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation, Report to General Assembly with Scientific Annexes (1993).
ICRP, ICRP Protection against Radon-222 at Home and Work, ICRP Publ. International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP, vol. 65 (1993 and 2009).