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Vol. 30 No. 11 (2018): Vol 30 Issue 11

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Differentiation of Immediate and Delayed Metabolic Biomarkers: Qualitative Assessment of Benzene Exposure in Cigarette Smokers and Petrol Station Workers

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2018.21563
Astitva Anand
Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Toxicology (Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory), Institute of Forensic Science, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar-382 007, India
Rakhi Agarwal
Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Toxicology (Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory), Institute of Forensic Science, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar-382 007, India

Corresponding Author(s) : Rakhi Agarwal

lamt.dct.gfsu@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 30 No. 11 (2018): Vol 30 Issue 11

Abstract

Benzene is queen of organic chemistry. It is a precursor molecule, widely used for synthesis and manufacturing of various chemicals for human use. Benzene exposure to humans is inevitable due to its omnipresence. Cigarette smokers and petrol station workers are most common population of benzene exposure/poisoning. Cigarette smokers accounts for half of exposure population globally. Benzene metabolism develops toxic and carcinogenic metabolites, which are acidic and phenolic in nature. Detection of benzene poisoning can only be done by specific methods because of varied nature of its metabolites. These metabolites can be identified by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. Present work includes the screening of benzene metabolites from human urine sample by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with two different detectors. During UPLC analysis, photo diode array detector (PDA) was hyphenated with florescence detector (FLD). Injector port silylation (IPS) was further carried out for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis for confirmation of the obtained results. Liquid-liquid microextraction method was applied to acquire metabolites of benzene from matrix (urine). The UPLC method is more rapid, specific and provides triple confirmation for the screening of benzene metabolites in benzene exposure/poisoning incidences for diagnosis and clinical investigations. Developed method was applied on cigarette smokers and petrol station workers for biomarkers differentiation. The method is readily available for differentiation of immediate and delayed benzene urinary metabolic biomarkers for qualitative assessment/screening of benzene exposure in exposed population.

Keywords

Cigarette smokers Petrol station workers Benzene metabolites Urine UPLC-PDA-FLD
Anand, A., & Agarwal, R. (2018). Differentiation of Immediate and Delayed Metabolic Biomarkers: Qualitative Assessment of Benzene Exposure in Cigarette Smokers and Petrol Station Workers. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 30(11), 2551–2556. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2018.21563
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