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Vol. 35 No. 10 (2023): Vol 35 Issue 10, 2023

Copyright (c) 2023 AMIT KUMAR RAJAK, KARUNA M.S. L, MADHU DEVERAPAGA, SIDDAIAH VIDAVALUR, KORLIPARA V. PADMAJA

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Comparative Studies of Fatty Acid Methyl, Ethyl and i-Propyl Esters of Tamarindus indica Seed Oil as Biodiesel Base-Stock

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.28064
AMIT KUMAR RAJAK
1. Department of Oils, Lipid Science & Technology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, India 2. Department of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6083-1434
KARUNA M.S. L
Department of Oils, Lipid Science & Technology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4574-4471
MADHU DEVERAPAGA
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi-221005, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-0619
SIDDAIAH VIDAVALUR
Department of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7190-7932
KORLIPARA V. PADMAJA
Department of Oils, Lipid Science & Technology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8014-2361

Corresponding Author(s) : MADHU DEVERAPAGA

deverapaga.rs.chy14@itbhu.ac.in

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 35 No. 10 (2023): Vol 35 Issue 10, 2023

Abstract

The unsaturated fatty acids found in tamarind seed oil include oleic acid (16.0%), linoleic acid (56.0%), palmitic acid (8.0%) and stearic acid (4.0%). The free fatty acids (0.6%) present in the tamarind seed oil was converted to methyl, ethyl and isopropyl esters. Further, the base stocks were prepared by employing transesterification reaction catalyzed by a base. Biodiesel fuels thus prepared were evaluated for different parameters and methyl esters were found to show ester content (97.3%), density (0.86315 g/cm3), acid value (0.42), oxidation stability (1.49 h), flash point (137.2 °C) and kinematic viscosity (5.09 cSt), ethyl esters have shown a kinematic viscosity (5.54 cSt), density (0.87030 g/cm3), acid value (0.45), oxidation stability (2.16 h), flash point (141.2 ºC), ester content (97.7%) and isopropyl esters exhibited kinematic viscosity (20.05 cSt), density (0.9220 g/cm3), acid value (0.58), oxidation stability (0.05 h) and flash point (145.3 ºC). The study involved investigation of effectiveness of four different antioxidants namely, butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA), t-butyl hydroxyl quinone (TBHQ) and diphenylamine (DPA) in different concentrations to the prepared methyl and ethyl biodiesels. BHA and BHT were observed to exhibit enhanced oxidation stability of produced biodiesel. The physical and chemical properties of methyl and ethyl esters were found to lie within EN and ASTM specifications. 

Keywords

Tamarindus indica oil Biodiesel Antioxidant Oxidative stability
RAJAK, A. K., M.S. L, K., DEVERAPAGA, M., VIDAVALUR, S., & PADMAJA, K. V. (2023). Comparative Studies of Fatty Acid Methyl, Ethyl and i-Propyl Esters of Tamarindus indica Seed Oil as Biodiesel Base-Stock. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 35(10), 2537–2542. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.28064
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