Synthesis and Characterization of 2-Phenylpyrazoline Derivatives and Evaluation of their Activities against Antimicrobial and Breast Cancer Cell Line in vitro and in silico Studies

Abstract

The new series of 2-phenylpyrazoline derivatives (2a-j) were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial, in silico and in vitro anticancer activity was performed by MTT assay using MDA-MB-231 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell line. The 2-phenylpyrazoline derivatives (2a-j) were obtained by the cyclization of chalcones with phenylhydrazine hydrochloride. Synthesized compounds were confirmed using FT-IR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectral data. Molecular docking studies were carried out using Auto Dock Tool version 1.5.6 and Auto dock version 4.2.5.1 docking program. in silico Docking study, compound 2d showed good binding score and good binding interaction with selected bacterial proteins and breast cancer protein. Based on this result, compound 2d was performed the anticancer activity by MTT assay method. From this result, compound 2d shown the LC₅₀ value is 185.30 ± 1. 469 μg/mL. From the antibacterial activity compound 2i (2,3-dichloro substituted 2-pyrazoline derivative) showed a good zone of inhibition at high concentration (100 mg/mL) as compared to other derivatives (2a-j) and compound 2c (fluoro substituted 2-phenylpyrazoline derivative) showed a good zone of inhibition at low concentration (25 mg/mL) compared to other derivative (2a-j).