Cyclic Voltammetric Study of Protonation Reactions of Some Dinitroaromatics in Propylene Carbonate

Farzana Hanif; Ghazala Yasmeen; Suryyia Manzoor; Muhammad Sohail; Muhammad Amir

doi:10.14233/ajchem.2016.19294

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 1 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 1

Issue Published : October 5, 2015

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Cyclic Voltammetric Study of Protonation Reactions of Some Dinitroaromatics in Propylene Carbonate

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2016.19294

Farzana Hanif

Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

Ghazala Yasmeen

Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

Suryyia Manzoor

Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

Muhammad Sohail

Universitat Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany

Muhammad Amir

Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

Corresponding Author(s) : Ghazala Yasmeen

ghazala31pk@yahoo.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 28 No. 1 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 1
Article Published : October 6, 2015

Abstract

Cyclic voltammetric technique is used to study the protonation of anion radicals of 1,2-dinitrobenzene and 1,3-dinitrobenzene in propylene carbonate in the temperature range 5, 15, 25 and 35 °C. Glassy carbon electrode and hanging mercury drop electrode are used as working electrodes. Benzoic acid and salicylic acid are used as protonating agents. Homogeneous rate constant is calculated by using Nicholson and Shain equation. The position of nucleophilic attack in dinitrobenzenes has been investigated by calculation of charge densities using molecular orbital methods. The heterogeneous rate constant k_s,h for the first reduction process in dinitrobenzenes is determined by digital simulation of the cyclic voltammograms.

Keywords

Dinitrobenzene Glassy carbon electrode Hanging mercury drop electrode Propylene carbonate

Hanif, F., Yasmeen, G., Manzoor, S., Sohail, M., & Amir, M. (2015). Cyclic Voltammetric Study of Protonation Reactions of Some Dinitroaromatics in Propylene Carbonate. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 28(1), 161–166. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2016.19294

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References

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References

A. Chakraborty, S. Ahamed, S. Pal and S.K. Saha, ISRN Electrochem., Article ID 959128 (2013); doi:10.1155/2013/959128.

M.A. Deyab and S.T. Keera, Egyptian J. Petrol., 21, 31 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.ejpe.2012.02.005.

L.J. Nunez-Vergara, S. Bollo, A.F. Alvarez, J.A. Squella and M. Blazquez, J. Electroanal. Chem., 345, 121 (1993); doi:10.1016/0022-0728(93)80473-U.

L.J. Núñez-Vergara, F. García, M.M. Domínguez, J. de la Fuente and J.A. Squella, J. Electroanal. Chem., 381, 215 (1995); doi:10.1016/0022-0728(94)03647-L.

M. Sharp, J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem., 88, 193 (1978); doi:10.1016/S0022-0728(78)80267-8.

C. Amatore, J. Pinson, J.M. Saveant and A. Thiebault, J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem., 107, 59 (1980); doi:10.1016/S0022-0728(79)80007-8.

E. Ahlberg and V.D. Parker, J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem., 121, 57 (1981); doi:10.1016/S0022-0728(81)80568-2.

R.J. Klingler and J.K. Kochi, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 102, 4790 (1980); doi:10.1021/ja00534a036.

S.W. Feldberg and A.J. Bard, Electroanalytical Chemistry, Marcel Dekker, New York, p. 199 (1969).

D. Britz, Digital Simulation in Electrochemistry, Wiley Interscience, New York (1954).

D.H. Geske, J.L. Ragle, M.A. Bambenek and A.L. Balch, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 86, 987 (1964); doi:10.1021/ja01060a004.

M. Mohammad, A.Y. Khan, M.S. Subhani, W. Begum, N. Ashraf, R. Qureshi and R. Iqbal, Res. Chem. Intermed., 16, 29 (1991); doi:10.1163/156856791X00165.

N.A. Macías-Ruvalcaba, J.P. Telo and D.H. Evans, J. Electroanal. Chem., 600, 294 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.10.003.

F. Hanif, G. Yasmeen, R. Parveen and M. Amir, Asian J. Chem., 26, 5063 (2014); doi:10.14233/ajchem.2014.16319.

F. Hanif, G. Yasmeen, R. Parveen and M. Amir, J. Chem. Soc. Pak., 36, 422 (2014).

F.C. Walsh, Transac. Institute Metal Finishing, 70, 50 (1992).

D.T. Sawyer, Experimental Electrochemistry for Chemists, John Wiley & Sons, p. 170 (1974).

N.E. Miller, M.C. Wander and R.J. Cave, J. Phys. Chem., 103, 1084 (1999); doi:10.1021/jp983171n.

D.H. Evans, Chem. Rev., 108, 2113 (2008); doi:10.1021/cr068066l.

T.T.T. Li and M.J. Weaver, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 106, 6107 (1984); doi:10.1021/ja00332a073.

D.C. Grahame, J. Chem. Phys., 18, 903 (1950); doi:10.1063/1.1747807.

F. Booth, J. Chem. Phys., 19, 391 (1951); doi:10.1063/1.1748233.

J.M. Hale, Reactions of Molecules at electrodes, Wiley Interscience, New York (1970).

D. Britz, Digital Simulation in Electrochemistry, Wiley Interscience, New York (1981).

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 1 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 1

Cyclic Voltammetric Study of Protonation Reactions of Some Dinitroaromatics in Propylene Carbonate

Corresponding Author(s) : Ghazala Yasmeen

Abstract

Keywords

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