Efficiency of Effluent Treatment Plants and Threat to Human Health and Aquatic Environment in Bangladesh

Parul Akhtar; Yunus Ahmed; Faridul Islam; Khorshed Alam; Meherunnesa Mary; Md. Zahidul Islam; M. Mosharef  H. Bhuiyan; Zahira Yaakob

doi:10.14233/ajchem.2016.19230

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 1 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 1

Issue Published : October 5, 2015

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Efficiency of Effluent Treatment Plants and Threat to Human Health and Aquatic Environment in Bangladesh

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2016.19230

Parul Akhtar

Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4341, Bangladesh

Yunus Ahmed

Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia

Faridul Islam

Drugs and Toxins Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories Chittagong, Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh

Khorshed Alam

Bangladesh Standard and Testing Institutions, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Meherunnesa Mary

Department of Quality Control, NOVO Healthcare and Pharma Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md. Zahidul Islam

Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh

M. Mosharef H. Bhuiyan

Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4341, Bangladesh

Zahira Yaakob

Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia

Corresponding Author(s) : Parul Akhtar

parulakhtarlipi@gmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 28 No. 1 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 1
Article Published : October 5, 2015

Abstract

Bangladesh is a low-lying riverine country. It has about 230 small and large rivers and a large portion of the country’s 140 million people depends on them for a living and for transportation. Most of the rivers and canals are becoming increasingly polluted from industrial wastewater dumped by factories, many of them in the textile, leather tanneries, pulp and paper, pharmaceutical, engineering workshops as well as chemicals and pesticide industry. Nonetheless, the wastewaters discharged from them are harshly ruinous to the environment, contains various kinds of contaminant which contaminate the water bodies, aquatic sediments, soil and ultimately incorporated into the muscles of fish, vegetables, etc. Many researchers have tried to find out the percentages of a contaminant available in different rivers and their effect on agriculture, environment and human health. Some of their research on discharging industrial wastewater quality, but none of them find out, the effectiveness of industrial effluent treatment plants. The emphasis of this research is to give a detail indication of the discharging contaminants from the five experimental industries and their effluent treatment plants (ETP). Most of our experimental industrial effluent treatment plants were able to reduce their physical parameter (BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, TS, turbidity, pH and EC) in moderate stages and two or three industry effluents were below the standard discharge limit prescribed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Bangladesh and their effluents were unsuitable for discharging into water bodies, but these are not fulfilled the US EPA guideline ranges. Whereas most of our experimental industries effluent treatment plants reduce small or less portions of metal content from their effluent which were not follow the EPA, Bangladesh and US EPA guideline ranges. They discharge their effluents into water bodies because of the lacking of a very efficient and economic treatment system.

Keywords

Effluent treatment plants Heavy metal Influent effluent Aquatic environment

Akhtar, P., Ahmed, Y., Islam, F., Alam, K., Mary, M., Islam, M. Z., … Yaakob, Z. (2015). Efficiency of Effluent Treatment Plants and Threat to Human Health and Aquatic Environment in Bangladesh. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 28(1), 60–68. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2016.19230

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References

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References

M.A. Matin, River Pollution in Bangladesh: Unabated Atrocity on People's Right To Safe Water. Bangladesh Poribesh Andolon (BAPA) (2013).

C.S.C. Wong, X.D. Li, G. Zhang, S.H. Qi and X.Z. Peng, Atmos. Environ., 37, 767 (2003); doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00929-9.

E.O. Adaikpoh, G.E. Nwajei and J.E. Ogala, J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage., 9, 5 (2005).

H. Bem, M. Gallorini, E. Rizzio and M. Krzeminska, Environ. Int., 29, 423 (2003); doi:10.1016/S0160-4120(02)00190-3.

A.R. Karbassi and J. Nouri, Int. J. Environ. Res., 1, 66 (2007).

M. Varol and B. Şen, Catena, 92, 1 (2012); doi:10.1016/j.catena.2011.11.011.

J. Nouri, A.H. Mahvi, G.R. Jahed and A.A. Babaei, Environ. Geol., 55, 1337 (2008); doi:10.1007/s00254-007-1081-3.

V. Hatje, E.D. Bidone and J.L. Maddock, Environ. Technol., 19, 483 (1998); doi:10.1080/09593331908616704.

L. Ramos, M.A. Fernández, M.J. González and L.M. Hernández, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 63, 305 (1999); doi:10.1007/s001289900981.

C.W. Martin, Catena, 39, 53 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0341-8162(99)00080-6.

S. Prabha and P. Salvapathy, Indian J. Environ. Prot., 19, 641 (1997).

IWM, Industrial Environmental Compliance and Pollution Control in Greater Dhaka – Phase I, Final Report, Volume I: Main Report, Institute of Water Modelling (2007).

Y.N. Jolly, A. Islam and A.I. Mustafa, Universal J. Environ. Res. Tech., 2, 560 (2012).

M. Khan, J. Knapp, A. Clemett, M. Chadwick and M. Mahmood, Managing Industrial Pollution from Small and Medium Scale Industries in Bangladesh Booklet Series, SEI, BCAS, University of Leeds, Dhaka, Bangladesh (2006).

M.W. Aktar, M. Paramasivam, M. Ganguly, S. Purkait and D. Sengupta, Environ. Monit. Assess., 160, 207 (2010); doi:10.1007/s10661-008-0688-5.

D. Kar, P. Sur, S.K. Mandai, T. Saha and R.K. Kole, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 5, 119 (2008); doi:10.1007/BF03326004.

J. Yabe, M. Ishizuka and T. Umemura, Japanese Soc. Vet. Sci., 72, 1257 (2010); doi:10.1292/jvms.10-0058.

H. Marschner, in ed.: P. Marschner, Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants, Academic Press, London, edn 3 (2011).

M.O. Lima, E.C.O. Santos, I.M. Jesus, A.C. Medeiros, K.C.F. Faial and C.N. Alves, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 22, 1493 (2011); doi:10.1590/S0103-50532011000800013.

L.S. Clesceri, A.E. Greenberg and A.D. Eaton, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, edn 20, American Public Heath Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA) and Water Environment Federation (WEF), Washington, DC (1998).

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 1 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 1

Efficiency of Effluent Treatment Plants and Threat to Human Health and Aquatic Environment in Bangladesh

Corresponding Author(s) : Parul Akhtar

Abstract

Keywords

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