Issue

Vol. 28 No. 10 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 10

Copyright (c) 2016 AJC

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Determination of Strontium in Human Teeth and Fingernails of Healthy and Carious Patients Resident in Karbala, Iraq by Using ICP-OES

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2016.19929
Joda A. Baker1
1Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq 2Ministry of Science and Technology, Iraq *Corresponding author: E-mail: phdchemistry2008@googlemail.com
Hussein A. Inas1
1Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq 2Ministry of Science and Technology, Iraq *Corresponding author: E-mail: phdchemistry2008@googlemail.com
Sultan A. Maitham2
1Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq 2Ministry of Science and Technology, Iraq *Corresponding author: E-mail: phdchemistry2008@googlemail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 28 No. 10 (2016): Vol 28 Issue 10

Abstract

In this study, strontium levels in biological (human teeth and fingernails) samples collected from Iraqi individual residents in Karbala city, Iraq were determined by using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The determination of strontium was undertaken for human teeth (2.613 ± 0.450 mg/Kg) and fingernail samples (2.184 ± 0.636 mg/Kg). Significantly higher fingernail levels of strontium were found in carious patients (2.599 ± 0.234 mg/Kg) when compared with healthy individuals (1.363 ± 0.246 mg/Kg) at a probability level, p < 0.05. The influence of various factors including gender, smoking activity, health status, individual’s age and drinking water on strontium levels was determined using a two tailed t-test. Significantly higher fingernail levels of strontium were found in carious patients and smokers when compared with healthy individuals and non-smokers, respectively at a probability level, p < 0.05. On the other hand, no significant effects were found for gender, smoking activity and age on the strontium levels in the human teeth carious samples. Similar results were also reported for fingernail samples in terms of the effect of gender and age. A strongly positive significant correlation was seen between fingernails strontium and drinking water strontium (r = 0.894, p < 0.05). In contrast, there is not any significant correlation between the level of strontium in teeth and washed fingernails (r = 0.195, p < 0.05).

Keywords

Teeth Fingernails Strontium ICP-OES.
A. Baker1, J., A. Inas1, H., & A. Maitham2, S. (2016). Determination of Strontium in Human Teeth and Fingernails of Healthy and Carious Patients Resident in Karbala, Iraq by Using ICP-OES. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 28(10), 2211–2216. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2016.19929
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. J. Adair, Ph.D. Thesis, Trace Element and Selenium Analysis of Human Body Fluids by ICP-MS, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, England (2002).
  2. A.M. Choi, S.W. Ryter and B. Levine, N. Engl. J. Med., 368, 651 (2013); doi:10.1056/NEJMra1205406.
  3. H.I. Afridi, T.G. Kazi, N. Kazi, J.A. Baig, M.K. Jamali, M.B. Arain, R.A. Sarfraz, H.U. Sheikh, G.A. Kandhro and A.Q. Shah, Arch. Gynecol. Obstet., 280, 415 (2009); doi:10.1007/s00404-009-0955-x.
  4. F. Hussein, M.A. Maan, M.A. Sheikh, H. Nawaz and A. Jamil, Bangladesh J. Med. Sci., 8, 52 (2009); doi:10.3329/bjms.v8i3.3983.
  5. H.I. Afridi, T.G. Kazi, N. Kazi, M.K. Jamali, M.B. Arain, N. Jalbani, J.A. Baig and A.S. Sarfraz, Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract., 80, 280 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2007.12.021.
  6. P.J. Parsons and F. Barbosa Jr., Spectrochim. Acta B, 62, 992 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.sab.2007.03.007.
  7. S.J.S. Flora and V. Pachauri, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 7, 2745 (2010); doi:10.3390/ijerph7072745.
  8. S.C. Verberckmoes, M.E. De Broe and P.C. D’Haese, Kidney Int., 64, 534 (2003); doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00123.x.
  9. K. Chojnacka, I. Michalak, A. Zielinska, H. Gorecka and H. Gorecki, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 73, 2022 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.09.004.
  10. E.R. Krefting, K. Frentzel, J. Tessarek, and H.J. Hohling, Scanning Microsc., 7, 203 (1993).
  11. P.C. Spector and M.E.J. Curzon, J. Dent. Res., 57, 55 (1978); doi:10.1177/00220345780570012201.
  12. S. Ozgur, H. Sumer and G. Kocoglu, Arch. Dis. Child., 75, 524 (1996); doi:10.1136/adc.75.6.524.
  13. T.A. Özden, G. Gökçay, H.V. Ertem, Ö.D. Süoglu, A. Kiliç, S. Sökücü and G. Saner, Clin. Biochem., 40, 52 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2006.07.006.
  14. K. Greve, E. Nielsen and O. Ladefoged, Toxicol. Lett., 172, S210 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.05.528.
  15. M.E. Curzon, J. Dent. Res., 64, 1386 (1985); doi:10.1177/00220345850640121201.
  16. T.M. Athanassouli, D.S. Papastathopoulos and A.X. Apostolopoulos, J. Dent. Res., 62, 989 (1983); doi:10.1177/00220345830620091501.
  17. L. Delgado-Cruzata, W. Zhang, J.A. McDonald, W.Y. Tsai, C. Valdovinos, L. Falci, Q. Wang, K.D. Crew, R.M. Santella, D.L. Hershman and H. Greenlee, J. Nutr., 145, 783 (2015); doi:10.3945/jn.114.202853.
  18. C. Maccalli and R. De Maria, Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 64, 91 (2015); doi:10.1007/s00262-014-1592-1.
  19. T. Shigemi, T. Tanaka, Y. Hayashida and K. Maki, Biol. Trace Elem. Res., 123, 80 (2008); doi:10.1007/s12011-007-8085-4.
  20. M.L. Carvalho, J.P. Marques, J. Brito, C. Casaca and A.S. Cunha, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 196, 148 (2002); doi:10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01280-6.
  21. V. Zaichick, N. Ovchjarenko and S. Zaichick, Appl. Radiat. Isot., 50, 283 (1999); doi:10.1016/S0969-8043(97)10150-6.
  22. P. Olmedo, A. Pla, A.F. Hernandez, O. Lopez-Guarido, L. Rodrigo and F. Gil, Anal. Chim. Acta, 659, 60 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.aca.2009.11.056.
  23. B.L. Batista, J.L. Rodrigues, J.A. Nunes, L. Tormen, A.J. Curtius and F. Barbosa Jr., Talanta, 76, 575 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2008.03.046.
  24. G. Samanta, R. Sharma, T. Roychowdhury and D. Chakraborti, Sci. Total Environ., 326, 33 (2004); doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.12.006.
  25. B. Nowak and J. Chmielnicka, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 46, 265 (2000); doi:10.1006/eesa.2000.1921.
  26. A. Sukumar and R. Subramanian, Sci. Total Environ., 372, 474 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.10.020.
  27. I.R. Rodushkin and M.A. Axelsson, Sci. Total Environ., 250, 83 (2000); doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00369-7.
  28. A.D. Keating, J.L. Keating, D.J. Halls and G.S. Fell, Analyst, 112, 1381 (1987); doi:10.1039/an9871201381.
  29. M.A. Amr and A.F.I. Helal, J. Physical Sci., 21, 1 (2010).
  30. M.J. Slotnick and J.O. Nriagu, Environ. Res., 102, 125 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.envres.2005.12.001.
  31. M.P. Longnecker, M.J. Stampfer, J.S. Morris, V. Spat, C. Baskett, M. Mason and W.C. Willett, Am. Soc. Clin. Nutr., 57, 408 (1993).
  32. E.L. Kanabrocki, J.A. Kanabrocki, J. Greco, E. Kaplan, Y.T. Oester, S.S. Brar, P.S. Gustafson, D.M. Nelson and C.E. Moore, Sci. Total Environ., 13, 131 (1979); doi:10.1016/0048-9697(79)90067-6.
  33. F.I. Abdulrahman, J.C. Akan, Z.M. Chellube and M. Waziri, World Environ., 2, 81 (2012).
  34. IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), Coordinated Research Programme on Trace Element Pollutants, IAEA/RL/50, Vienna, Austria (1978).
  35. T.G. Kazi, N. Jalbani, N. Kazi, M.K. Jamali, M.S. Arain, H.I. Afridi, A. Kandhro and Z. Pirzado, Ren. Fail., 30, 737 (2008); doi:10.1080/08860220802212999.
  36. K. Chojnacka, H. Gorecka, A. Chojnacki and H. Gorecki, Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 20, 368 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.etap.2005.03.004.
  37. J.A. Baker, Ph.D. Thesis, Trace Element Levels of Human Fluids and Tissues for Iraqi Individuals, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, England (2012).
  38. E. Blaurock-Busch, Y.M. Busch, A. Friedle, H. Buerner, C. Parkash and A. Kaur, Clin. Med. Insights: Oncology, 8, 1 (2014); doi:10.4137/CMO.S13410.
  39. T.J.B. Dummer, Z.M. Yu, L. Nauta, J.D. Murimboh and L. Parker, Sci. Total Environ., 505, 1248 (2015); doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.055.
  40. R.B. Merola, T.T. Hien, D.T.T. Quyen and A. Vengosh, Sci. Total Environ., 511, 544 (2015); doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.091.
  41. L. Varela-Lema, A. Ruano-Ravina, M.A. Juiz-Crespo and J.M. Barros-Dios, Cancer Lett., 288b, 28 (2010); doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2009.06.015.
  42. C. Freire, R.J. Koifman, D. Fujimoto, V.C. de Oliveira Souza, F. Barbosa Jr. and S. Koifman, Chemosphere, 128, 70 (2015); doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.12.083.
  43. Y.J. Kim, Y.K. Kim and H.S. Kho, Oral Dis., 16, 823 (2010); doi:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01698.x.
  44. M. Chiba, A. Shinohara, M. Sekine and S. Hiraishi, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 269, 519 (2006); doi:10.1007/s10967-006-0259-6.
  45. I.A. Al-Saleh, Sci. Total Environ., 181, 215 (1996); doi:10.1016/0048-9697(95)05014-0.
  46. K. Usuda, K. Kono, T. Dote, M. Watanabe, H. Shimizu, Y. Tanimoto and E. Yamadori, Environ. Health Prev. Med., 12, 231 (2007); doi:10.1007/BF02898029.
  47. M. Wolfsperger, G. Hauser, W. Göbler and C. Schlagenhaufen, Sci. Total Environ., 156, 235 (1994); doi:10.1016/0048-9697(94)90190-2.
  48. A.G. Gault, H.A.L. Rowland, J.M. Charnock, R.A. Wogelius, I. Gomez-Morilla, S. Vong, M. Leng, S. Samreth, M.L. Sampson and D.A. Polya, Sci. Total Environ., 393, 168 (2008); doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.12.028.
Read More
Author biographies is not available.
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 0 Download : 0