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Vol. 35 No. 8 (2023): Vol 35 Issue 8, 2023

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Chemical Composition and in vitro Biological Evaluation of Essential Oil of Euphorbia larica Boiss from Northern Oman

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.27948
Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi
College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, PO Box 620, PC 130, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2689-4079
Tanveer Alam
Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Universite Caddesi No. 27, Orta, Mahalle, 34956 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5830-8073
Roshna Zafarullah
College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, PO Box 620, PC 130, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1981-5598
Shah Alam Khan
College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, PO Box 620, PC 130, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-3403

Corresponding Author(s) : Shah Alam Khan

shahalam@nu.edu.om

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 35 No. 8 (2023): Vol 35 Issue 8, 2023

Abstract

Euphorbia larica Boiss is a wild plant of Oman that grows in gravel plains, mountain areas, desert and forest edges. Traditionally, Omani herbalists use the Euphorbia larica plant extract, resins, latex and juice to treat a wide range of ailments such as wounds, burns, insect bites, intestinal parasites, gonorrhea, eye infections, migraines and warts. In an attempt to scientifically validate the traditional uses and to unlock its hidden therapeutic potential, in this work, the chemical composition of E. larica essential oil (ELEO) along with its potential antioxidant, antimicrobial and hemolytic activities is studied. In a GC-MS analysis of the extracted ELEO, 29 chemicals were found, with α-pinene (27.36%) and limonene (11.5%) being the two most abundant volatile components. ELEO exhibited moderate inhibition of DPPH radicals (17.74-40.96%; IC50 = 48.97 μg/mL). It showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. pyogenes, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and P. vulgaris but was ineffective against K. pneumoniae bacterial strain however, exhibited the maximum antibacterial activity against S. aureus (11 ± 1.3 and 15 ± 2.3 mm at 5 and 10 μL concentrations, respectively) comparable to positive antibiotic ampicillin (15 mm at 5 μg). Moreover, ELEO exhibited a very low hemolytic activity (0.12 to 1.1% at doses of 50-500 μg) suggesting it to be non-toxic to human or animal cells. Thus, it can be concluded that E. larica plant holds significant potential as a source of bioactive agents for the development of novel therapeutics.

Keywords

Euphorbia larica Boiss Antioxidant GC-MS Antimicrobial Volatile oil Hemolytic activity
Meenakshi, D. U., Alam, T., Zafarullah, R., & Khan, S. A. (2023). Chemical Composition and in vitro Biological Evaluation of Essential Oil of Euphorbia larica Boiss from Northern Oman. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 35(8), 1879–1883. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.27948
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