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Effect of Pectin Addition on Mechanical Properties of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Membrane
Corresponding Author(s) : Ulfa Andayani
Asian Journal of Chemistry,
Vol. 27 No. 12 (2015): Vol 27 Issue 12
Abstract
The effect of pectin addition on the mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) has been studied. The physical properties of the membrane studied from the membrane that gives the highest flux on acetone, n-butanol and ethanol (ABE) permeation, i.e., membrane that have mol ratio of PVA:pectin (1:2), with addition of glutaraldehyde to form the crosslink at n = 120. That membrane composition is the optimum composition that exhibits the highest ABE flux value at permeation time range for 12 h. The membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The mechanical properties of membranes were examined by thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis, tensile strength and swelling degree. The result of characterization suggested that the PVA-pectin-GA membrane was non-porous membrane. The addition of glutaraldehyde (GA) to PVA membrane increasing the tensile strength and reducing the swelling degree. However, the pectin addition incross-linked PVA membrane with glutaraldehyde will increase the flux, decomposition temperature and swelling degree, while it would decrease the tensile strength of membrane.
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- M.F. Rubio-Arroyo, P. Vivanco-Loyo, M. Juárez, M. Poisot and G. Ramírez-Galicia, J. Mex. Chem. Soc., 55, 242 (2011).
- P. Shao and R.Y.M. Huang, J. Membr. Sci., 287, 162 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2006.10.043.
- N. Isiklan and O. Sanli, J. Chem. Eng. Process., 44, 1019 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.cep.2005.01.005.
- Z. Huang, Y. Shi, R. Wen, Y.-H. Guo, J.-F. Su and T. Matsuura, Sep. Purif. Technol., 51, 126 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2006.01.005.
- B. Gebben, H.W.A. van den Berg, D. Bargeman and C.A. Smolders, Polymer, 26, 1737 (1985); doi:10.1016/0032-3861(85)90295-2.
- 6 J.P. Chaudhary, S.K. Nataraj, A. Gogda and R. Meena, Green Chem., 16, 4552 (2014); doi:10.1039/C4GC01070A .
- I.G. Wenten, Teknologi Membran Industrial, Penerbit ITB Bandung (2000).
- J.Y. Lai, RSC Adv., 4, 18871 (2014); doi:10.1039/C4RA11980K.
- C.K. Yeom and K.H. Lee, J.Membr. Sci, 109, 257 (1996); doi:10.1016/0376-7388(95)00196-4.
- A. Jikihara, R. Ohashi, Y. Kakihana, M. Higa and K. Kobayashi, Membranes, 3, 1 (2013); doi:10.3390/membranes3010001.
- J. Liu, X. Lu and C. Wu, Membranes, 3, 389 (2013); doi:10.3390/membranes3040389.
- A. Kiswandono, D. Siswanta, N.H. Aprilita, S.J. Santosa and T. Hayasita, J. Environ. Friendly Processes, 2, 57 (2014).
- K. Hunger, N. Schmeling, H.B.T. Jeazet, C. Janiak, C. Staudt and K. Kleinermanns, Membranes, 2, 727 (2012); doi:10.3390/membranes2040727.
- A. Pardede, D. Ratnawati and A. Martono, Media Sains, 5, 66 (2013).
- T. Sano, M. Hasegawa, Y. Kawakami and H. Yanagishita, Membr. Sci., 107, 193 (1995); doi:10.1016/0376-7388(95)00113-Q.
- F.W. Billmeyer Jr., Textbook of Polymer Science, Wiley & Sons, New York (1984).
- K.D. Yao, J. Liu, G.X. Cheng, X.D. Lu, H.L. Tu and J.A.L. Da Silva, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 60, 279 (1996);
- doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960411)60:2<279::AID-APP16>3.0.CO;2-0.
- N. Diniyah, A.M. Nafi, D. Sulistia and A. Subagio, J. Teknol. Pertanian, 14, 73 (2013).
- X. Huang, R. Solasi, Y.J. Zou, M. Feshler, K. Reifsnider, D. Condit, S. Burlatsky and T. Madden, J. Polym. Sci. Part B, 44, 2346 (2006); doi:10.1002/polb.20863.
References
M.F. Rubio-Arroyo, P. Vivanco-Loyo, M. Juárez, M. Poisot and G. Ramírez-Galicia, J. Mex. Chem. Soc., 55, 242 (2011).
P. Shao and R.Y.M. Huang, J. Membr. Sci., 287, 162 (2007); doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2006.10.043.
N. Isiklan and O. Sanli, J. Chem. Eng. Process., 44, 1019 (2005); doi:10.1016/j.cep.2005.01.005.
Z. Huang, Y. Shi, R. Wen, Y.-H. Guo, J.-F. Su and T. Matsuura, Sep. Purif. Technol., 51, 126 (2006); doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2006.01.005.
B. Gebben, H.W.A. van den Berg, D. Bargeman and C.A. Smolders, Polymer, 26, 1737 (1985); doi:10.1016/0032-3861(85)90295-2.
6 J.P. Chaudhary, S.K. Nataraj, A. Gogda and R. Meena, Green Chem., 16, 4552 (2014); doi:10.1039/C4GC01070A .
I.G. Wenten, Teknologi Membran Industrial, Penerbit ITB Bandung (2000).
J.Y. Lai, RSC Adv., 4, 18871 (2014); doi:10.1039/C4RA11980K.
C.K. Yeom and K.H. Lee, J.Membr. Sci, 109, 257 (1996); doi:10.1016/0376-7388(95)00196-4.
A. Jikihara, R. Ohashi, Y. Kakihana, M. Higa and K. Kobayashi, Membranes, 3, 1 (2013); doi:10.3390/membranes3010001.
J. Liu, X. Lu and C. Wu, Membranes, 3, 389 (2013); doi:10.3390/membranes3040389.
A. Kiswandono, D. Siswanta, N.H. Aprilita, S.J. Santosa and T. Hayasita, J. Environ. Friendly Processes, 2, 57 (2014).
K. Hunger, N. Schmeling, H.B.T. Jeazet, C. Janiak, C. Staudt and K. Kleinermanns, Membranes, 2, 727 (2012); doi:10.3390/membranes2040727.
A. Pardede, D. Ratnawati and A. Martono, Media Sains, 5, 66 (2013).
T. Sano, M. Hasegawa, Y. Kawakami and H. Yanagishita, Membr. Sci., 107, 193 (1995); doi:10.1016/0376-7388(95)00113-Q.
F.W. Billmeyer Jr., Textbook of Polymer Science, Wiley & Sons, New York (1984).
K.D. Yao, J. Liu, G.X. Cheng, X.D. Lu, H.L. Tu and J.A.L. Da Silva, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 60, 279 (1996);
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960411)60:2<279::AID-APP16>3.0.CO;2-0.
N. Diniyah, A.M. Nafi, D. Sulistia and A. Subagio, J. Teknol. Pertanian, 14, 73 (2013).
X. Huang, R. Solasi, Y.J. Zou, M. Feshler, K. Reifsnider, D. Condit, S. Burlatsky and T. Madden, J. Polym. Sci. Part B, 44, 2346 (2006); doi:10.1002/polb.20863.