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Vol. 27 No. 12 (2015): Vol 27 Issue 12

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Heavy Metals Concentrations in Fish from Red Sea and Arabian Gulf: Health Benefits and Risk Assessments due to their Consumption

https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2015.19148
K.T. Kamal
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, AI Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, P.O. Box: 5701, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
K. Lotfi
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, AI Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, P.O. Box: 5701, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
K.D. Omar
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, AI Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, P.O. Box: 5701, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
R.E. Mohamed
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, AI Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, P.O. Box: 5701, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
K.M. Abueliz
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, AI Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, P.O. Box: 5701, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
H. Nassir
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, AI Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, P.O. Box: 5701, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Corresponding Author(s) : K.T. Kamal

kamaltha99@rediffmail.com

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 27 No. 12 (2015): Vol 27 Issue 12

Abstract

Seafood contains heavy metals essential to human health and also contaminants that can induce toxicity into consumers. In order to evaluate the benefits and risks to human health, this study targeted the analysis of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, Al and Se as essential elements and Cd, Pb and As as toxic elements in the muscle tissues of two popular types of fish: Areolate grouper (Epinephelus areolatus, local name; Hamoor) and Coral Trout (Plectropomus maculatus, local name; Najil) from the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia. The metals under investigation were determined using inductively couples plasma emission spectroscopy after wet digestion. The concentration of essential elements were found to decrease in the order: Zn > Fe > Al > Cu > Se > Ni > Cr > Mn while the toxic elements in the order: As > Pb > Cd. The study revealed that P. maculatus from both study areas bioaccumulate more Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Se compared to E. areolatus while both species from the Red Sea accumulate more As. Arsenic, Cd and Pb target hazard quotient (THQ) values were less than 1.0 indicating a safe consumption of this types of fish. Moreover the cancer risk factor for As was more than the 10-5 threshold permitted life risk for the different exposure frequencies. The number of meals per week a frequent monitoring of metals content of fish to safeguard consumers.

Keywords

Heavy metals Fish Total hazard quotient Red sea Arabian Gulf
Kamal, K., Lotfi, K., Omar, K., Mohamed, R., Abueliz, K., & Nassir, H. (2015). Heavy Metals Concentrations in Fish from Red Sea and Arabian Gulf: Health Benefits and Risk Assessments due to their Consumption. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 27(12), 4411–4416. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2015.19148
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